Comprehensive Guide kune Lithium-Ion Battery Discharge Curve Analysis

Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kuita bvunzo yelithium-ion bhatiri- -iyo discharge curve yekuongorora zano

Kana iyo lithium-ion bhatiri inobuda, voltage yayo inoshanda inogara ichichinja nekuenderera kwenguva. Mhepo inoshanda yebhatiri inoshandiswa seyakarongeka, nguva yekuburitsa, kana huwandu, kana mamiriro ekuchaja (SOC), kana kudzika kudzika (DOD) seabscissa, uye curve yakadhonzwa inonzi discharge curve. Kuti tinzwisise kubuda kwehunhu hwebhatiri, isu chekutanga tinoda kunzwisisa voltage yebhatiri musimboti.

[Voltge yebhatiri]

Kuti magadzirirwo emagetsi aite bhatiri anofanira kusangana nemamiriro anotevera: nzira yekurasikirwa nerekitironi mukuita kwemakemikari (kureva oxidation process) uye maitiro ekutora maerekitironi (kureva reduction reaction process) inofanira kupatsanurwa munzvimbo mbiri dzakasiyana. iyo yakasiyana neyakajairwa redox reaction; iyo redox reaction yechinhu chinoshanda chemagetsi maviri chinofanirwa kuendeswa nekunze redunhu, iro rakasiyana neiyo microbattery reaction mune simbi corrosion process. Voltage yebhatiri ndiyo inogona mutsauko pakati peiyo yakanaka electrode neiyo negative electrode. Iwo chaiwo makiyi ma paramita anosanganisira akavhurika edunhu voltage, kushanda voltage, kuchaja uye kuburitsa kucheka-kubvisa voltage, nezvimwe.

[Electrode inogona yelithium-ion bhatiri zvinhu]

Electrode potential inoreva kunyudzwa kwechinhu chakasimba mumushonga we electrolyte, zvichiratidza kushanda kwemagetsi, kureva, mutsauko unokwanisa pakati pepamusoro pesimbi nemhinduro. Musiyano uyu ungangoita unonzi kugona kwesimbi mune mhinduro kana kugona kwe electrode. Muchidimbu, simba re electrode itsika yekuti ion kana atomu iwane electron.

Naizvozvo, kune imwe yakanaka electrode kana negative electrode zvinhu, kana yaiswa mu electrolyte ine lithium munyu, kugona kwayo kwe electrode kunoratidzwa se:

Iko φ c ndiko kugona kwe electrode kwechinhu ichi. Iyo yakajairwa hydrogen electrode kugona kwakaiswa kuve 0.0V.

[Open-circuit voltage yebhatiri]

Simba rebhatiri remagetsi ndiro kukosha kwetioretical kuverengerwa zvinoenderana nekuita kwebhatiri uchishandisa thermodynamic nzira, kureva, mutsauko uripo pakati peequilibrium electrode kugona kwebhatiri uye maelectrode akanaka neasina kunaka kana dunhu rapwanyika ndiyo yakanyanya kukosha. kuti bhatiri rinogona kupa voltage. Muchokwadi, iwo maelectrode akanaka uye asina kunaka haangove ari mu thermodynamic equilibrium state mu electrolyte, ndiko kuti, kugona kweelectrode kunotangwa neiyo yakanaka uye yakaipa maelectrodes ebhatiri mumhinduro ye electrolyte kazhinji haisi iyo equilibrium electrode kugona, saka iyo open-circuit voltage yebhatiri kazhinji idiki pane yayo electromotive simba. Nezve electrode reaction:

Tichifunga nezve isiri-yakajairwa mamiriro eiyo reactant chikamu uye chiitiko (kana kutarisisa) chechikamu chinoshanda nekufamba kwenguva, iyo chaiyo yakavhurika yedunhu voltage yesero inogadziriswa neiyo equation yesimba:

Iko R iri gasi rinogara richiripo, T ndiyo tembiricha yekupindura, uye a ndiyo chikamu chiitiko kana kutarisisa. Iyo yakavhurika yedunhu voltage yebhatiri inoenderana nemidziyo yeyakanaka uye isina kunaka electrode zvinhu, iyo electrolyte uye tembiricha mamiriro, uye inozvimiririra pane geometry uye saizi yebhatiri. Lithium ion electrode zvinhu kugadzirira mudanda, uye lithium simbi sheet yakaunganidzwa mubhatani hafu yebhatiri, inogona kuyera iyo electrode zvinhu mune akasiyana SOC mamiriro akavhurika voltage, yakavhurika voltage curve ndiyo electrode zvinhu charge state reaction, bhatiri rekuchengetedza rakavhurika voltage kudonha, asi kwete yakakura kwazvo, kana iyo yakavhurika voltage inodonha nekukurumidza kana amplitude isiri yakajairika chiitiko. Iko kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kwebipolar inoshanda zvinhu uye kuzviburitsa kwebhatiri ndizvo zvikonzero zvikuru zvekudzikira kweiyo yakavhurika yedunhu voltage mukuchengetedza, kusanganisira shanduko yemask layer yeyakanaka uye yakaipa electrode zvinhu tafura; iyo inogona kuchinja inokonzerwa ne thermodynamic instability ye electrode, kupera uye kunaya kwesimbi yekunze tsvina, uye micro short circuit inokonzerwa ne diaphragm pakati pe electrode yakanaka uye yakaipa. Apo lithium ion bhatiri iri kukwegura, kuchinja kweK kukosha (voltage drop) ndiko kuumbwa uye kugadzikana kwemaitiro eSEI firimu pamusoro pezvinhu zve electrode. Kana kudonha kwemagetsi kwakanyanyisa, kune micro-short circuit mukati, uye bhatiri inotongwa kuti haina kukodzera.

[Battery Polarization]

Kana ikozvino inopfuura nepakati pe electrode, chiitiko chekuti electrode inotsauka kubva pakuenzanisa electrode inonzi polarization, uye polarization inogadzira iyo overpotential. Zvinoenderana nezvinokonzeresa polarization, iyo polarization inogona kukamurwa kuita ohmic polarization, concentration yepolarization uye electrochemical polarization. FIG. 2 ndiyo yakajairika yekuburitsa curve yebhatiri uye pesvedzero yeakasiyana polarization pane voltage.

 Mufananidzo 1. Chimiro chekuburitsa curve uye polarization

(1) Ohmic polarization: inokonzerwa nekupokana kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe chebhatiri, kukosha kwekudonha kunotevera mutemo weohm, ikozvino inoderera, iyo polarization inoderera nekukurumidza, uye ikozvino inonyangarika pakarepo mushure mekumira.

(2) Electrochemical polarization: iyo polarization inokonzerwa nekunonoka kwe electrochemical reaction pane electrode pamusoro. Yakadzikira zvakanyanya mukati meiyo microsecond level sezvo yazvino inova diki.

(3) Concentration polarization: nekuda kwekunonoka kweion diffusion process mumhinduro, mutsauko wepakati pakati pepamusoro pe electrode uye mhinduro yemuviri inogadziriswa pasi peimwe ikozvino. Iyi polarization inodzikira kana kunyangarika sezvo magetsi anoderera pamasekondi makuru (masekonzi mashoma kusvika makumi emasekonzi).

Kupikiswa kwemukati kwebhatiri kunowedzera nekuwedzera kwekubuda kwebhatiri, izvo zvinonyanya nekuti iyo huru yekuburitsa ikozvino inowedzera polarization maitiro ebhatiri, uye iyo yakakura yekuburitsa ikozvino, iyo inonyanya kuoneka iyo polarization maitiro, sezvakaratidzwa. muMufananidzo 2. Maererano nemutemo weOhm: V = E0-IRT, pamwe nekuwedzera kwemukati wekudzivirira RT, nguva inodiwa kuti bhatiri yemagetsi isvike pakubuda-kubvisa magetsi inoderedzwa zvakafanana, saka simba rekusunungura rinowanikwawo. kuderedzwa.

Mufananidzo 2. Mhedzisiro yehuwandu hwemazuva ano pane polarization

Lithium ion bhatiri imhando ye lithium ion concentration bhatiri. Iyo yekuchaja uye yekuburitsa maitiro e lithium ion bhatiri inzira yekumisikidza uye kubviswa kwe lithium ions mune yakanaka uye yakaipa electrodes. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa polarization ye lithium-ion mabhatiri zvinosanganisira:

(1) Kufurira kwe electrolyte: iyo yakaderera conductivity ye electrolyte ndicho chikonzero chikuru chepolarization ye lithium ion mabhatiri. Muhuwandu hwekushisa, conductivity ye electrolyte inoshandiswa kune lithium-ion mabhatiri inowanzova 0.01 ~ 0.1S/cm chete, inova chikamu chimwe muzana chemushonga wemvura. Nokudaro, kana mabhatiri e-lithium-ion achibuda pane imwe nguva, yakanonoka kuwedzera Li + kubva ku electrolyte, uye chiitiko chepolarization chichaitika. Kuvandudza conductivity ye electrolyte ndicho chinhu chakakosha chekuvandudza yakakwira-ikozvino yekuburitsa simba re lithium-ion mabhatiri.

(2) Kupesvedzera kwezvinhu zvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka: iyo yakareba nzira yezvakanaka uye yakaipa zvinhu zvakakura lithium ion particles diffusion kusvika pamusoro, izvo zvisingakodzeri kubudiswa kukuru.

(3) Conductor agent: zviri mukati me conductive agent chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa kuburitsa kuita kwechiyero chepamusoro. Kana zvirimo zve conductive agent mu cathode formula zvisina kukwana, maerekitironi haakwanise kutamiswa nenguva iyo hombe yadzikiswa, uye polarization yemukati inopikisa inowedzera nekukurumidza, zvekuti bhatiri voltage inodzikiswa nekukurumidza kusvika pakubuda-kubvisa voltage. .

(4) Kupesvedzera kwekugadzira danda: danda rakakora: kana iri yakakura kubuda ikozvino, kukurumidza kwekuita kwezvinhu zvinoshanda nekukurumidza, izvo zvinoda kuti lithium ion ikurumidze kuisirwa uye kuvharirwa mune izvo zvinhu. Kana iyo pole plate yakakora uye nzira yelithium ion diffusion ichiwedzera, gwara rehukobvu huchagadzira yakakura lithium ion concentration gradient.

Compaction density: iyo compaction density yepole sheet yakakura, pore inova diki, uye nzira yelithium ion kufamba mu pole sheet ukobvu nzira yakareba. Mukuwedzera, kana compaction density yakakura, nzvimbo yekubatana pakati pezvinhu uye electrolyte inoderera, nzvimbo ye electrode reaction inoderedzwa, uye kupikisa kwemukati kwebheteri kuchawedzerawo.

(5) Pesvedzero yeSEI membrane: kuumbwa kweSEI membrane kunowedzera kuramba kwe electrode / electrolyte interface, zvichikonzera voltage hysteresis kana polarization.

[Kushanda simba rebhatiri]

Operating voltage, inonziwo end voltage, inoreva mutsauko unokwanisa pakati pechakanaka nechakaipa maelectrode ebhatiri kana yazvino ichiyerera mudunhu mukushanda. Mumamiriro ekushanda kwebhatiri, kana ikozvino ichiyerera nebhatiri, kushorwa kunokonzerwa nekupikiswa kwemukati kunofanirwa kukundwa, izvo zvinokonzeresa ohmic pressure kudonha uye electrode polarization, saka iyo inoshanda voltage inogara yakaderera pane yakavhurika yedunhu voltage, uye kana uchichaja, iyo yekupedzisira voltage inogara yakakwirira kupfuura yakavhurika yedunhu voltage. Kureva kuti, mhedzisiro yepolarization inoita kuti magetsi ekupedzisira ebhatiri adzike pane kugona kwe electromotive yebhatiri, iyo yakakwirira kudarika kugona kwe electromotive yebhatiri riri kutonga.

Nekuda kwekuvapo kwepolarization phenomenon, iyo instantaneous voltage uye iyo chaiyo voltage mukuchaja uye kubuda. Paunenge uchichaja, iyo instantaneous voltage inokwira zvishoma kupfuura iyo chaiyo voltage, iyo polarization inonyangarika uye iyo voltage inodonha kana iyo instantaneous voltage uye chaiyo voltage inoderera mushure mekubuda.

Kupfupisa tsananguro iri pamusoro, chirevo ndechekuti:

E +, E- -inomiririra zvinogoneka zveakanaka neasina kunaka maelectrode, zvichiteerana, E + 0 neE- -0 inomiririra equilibrium electrode kugona kweakanaka neasina kunaka maelectrode, zvichiteerana, VR inomiririra ohmic polarization voltage, uye η + , η - -inomiririra kudarika kwepamusoro kweiyo yakanaka uye yakaipa electrodes, maererano.

[Basic musimboti wekuburitsa bvunzo]

Mushure mekunzwisisa kwekutanga kweiyo bhatiri voltage, takatanga kuongorora kuburitsa curve ye lithium-ion mabhatiri. Iyo yekuburitsa curve inonyanya kuratidza mamiriro e electrode, inova iyo yepamusoro yemamiriro ekuchinja kweiyo yakanaka uye yakaipa electrode.

Iyo voltage curve yelithium-ion mabhatiri mukati mekuita kwekuburitsa inogona kukamurwa kuita matanho matatu

1) Muchikamu chekutanga chebhatiri, mhepo inodonha nokukurumidza, uye iyo yakakura yehuwandu hwekubuda, inokurumidza kudonha kwemagetsi;

2) Iyo bhatiri voltage inopinda zvishoma nezvishoma shanduko, iyo inonzi nzvimbo yepuratifomu yebhatiri. Iyo idiki iyo rate yekubuda,

Kurebesa kwenguva yenzvimbo yepuratifomu, kukwira kwevoltage yepuratifomu, kunononoka kudonha kwemagetsi.

3) Kana simba rebhatiri rave kuda kupera, bhatiri rekutakura voltage rinotanga kudonha zvakanyanya kudzamara kubuda kwekumisa voltage kwasvika.

Panguva yekuedzwa, kune nzira mbiri dzekuunganidza data

(1) Unganidza data yezvino, voltage uye nguva maererano nenguva yakatarwa Δ t;

(2) Unganidza ikozvino, voltage uye data data maererano neyakagadzika shanduko yekuchinja kusiyana Δ V. Kururama kwekuchaja uye kuburitsa midziyo inonyanya kusanganisira iko ikozvino, kusimba kwemagetsi uye nguva chaiyo. Tafura 2 inoratidza maparamendi emidziyo yeimwe yekuchaja uye yekuburitsa muchina, uko% FS inomiririra chikamu chehuwandu hwakazara, uye 0.05% RDD inoreva kukanganisa kwakayerwa mukati mehuwandu hwe0.05% yekuverenga. Kuchaja uye kuburitsa michina inowanzo shandisa CNC inogara iripo sosi panzvimbo yekuremerwa kwemutoro, kuitira kuti inobuda voltage yebhatiri haina chekuita neyakateerana kuramba kana kuramba kweparasitic mudunhu, asi inongoenderana nevoltage E uye yemukati kuramba. r uye yedunhu ikozvino I yeyakanaka voltage sosi yakaenzana nebhatiri. Kana kupikisa kuchishandiswa mutoro, isa vhezheni yeiyo yakanakira voltage sosi yebhatiri yakaenzana kuti ive E, iyo yemukati kuramba ndeye r, uye inoremerwa inorema ndeye R. Yeresa vhoriyamu kumativi ese maviri ekuremerwa kwekutakura nemagetsi. mita, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pamusoro apa mumufananidzo 6. Zvisinei, mukuita, kune kutungamira kupikisa uye kugadzirisa kugadzirisa kusangana (uniform parasitic resistance) munharaunda. Iyo yakaenzana yedunhu dhayagiramu inoratidzwa muFIG. 3 inoratidzwa mumufananidzo unotevera weFIG. 3. Mukuita, kupikisa kweparasitic kunosumwa zvisingadzivisiki, kuitira kuti iyo yose yekudzivirira inotakura inova yakakura, asi iyo yakayerwa voltage ndiyo voltage kumativi ose maviri ekudzivirira mutoro R, saka kukanganisa kunotangwa.

 Fig. 3 Iyo nheyo block dhizaini uye chaiyo yakaenzana yakaenzana yedunhu dhizaini yekudzivirira discharge nzira

Kana iyo inogara iripo ikozvino ine I1 ikozvino inoshandiswa semutoro, dhiyabhorosi dhiyabhorosi uye chaiyo yakaenzana yakaenzana dhizaini yedunhu inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 7. E, I1 inogara ichikosha uye r inogara kwenguva yakati.

Kubva pane fomula iri pamusoro, tinogona kuona kuti ma voltages maviri eA uye B anoramba aripo, kureva kuti, kubuda kwebhatiri hakuenderane nehukuru hwekuteedzera kuramba muchiuno, uye chokwadi, haina chekuita. nekudzivirira kweparasitic. Uye zvakare, iyo ina-terminal yekuyera modhi inogona kuwana chiyero chakaringana chebhatiri kubuda voltage.

Mufananidzo 4 Equiple block dhayagiramu uye chaiyo yakaenzana yedunhu dhizaini yeanogara aripo sosi mutoro

Concurrent source isimba rekupa simba iro rinogona kupa nguva dzose ikozvino kune mutoro. Iyo inogona kuramba ichichengeta yazvino kubuda nguva dzese kana magetsi ekunze achichinja uye maitiro e impedance achinja.

[Discharge test mode]

Chaja uye yekuburitsa bvunzo michina inowanzo shandisa semiconductor mudziyo sechinhu chinoyerera. Nekugadzirisa chiratidzo chekudzora cheiyo semiconductor mudziyo, inogona kutevedzera mutoro wemhando dzakasiyana senge inogara iripo, inogara ichimanikidza uye kuramba kuramba uye zvichingodaro. Iyo lithium-ion battery discharge test mode inonyanya kusanganisira nguva dzose kubuda ikozvino, kuramba kusingabvumirwi kubuda, simba rinoramba riripo, etc. Mune imwe neimwe nzira yekubuda, kubuda kunopfuurira uye kubuda kwepakati kunogonawo kugoverwa, umo maererano nehurefu hwenguva, kuyerera kwepakati kunogona kukamurwa kuita kuyerera kwepakati uye kuyerera kwepulse. Munguva yekubuda bvunzo, bhatiri inobuda zvinoenderana neyakagadzika modhi, uye inomira kuburitsa mushure mekusvika kune yakatarwa mamiriro. Mamiriro ezvinhu ekucheka-kubvisa anosanganisira kuseta magetsi ekucheka-kubvisa, kuseta nguva yekucheka-kudzima, kuseta simba rekucheka, kuseta negative voltage gradient cut-off, etc. ndiko, kushanduka kwechivharo chekubuda kunokanganiswawo nehurongwa hwekubuda, kusanganisira: kubuda ikozvino, kupisa kwekushisa, kubuda kwekubvisa magetsi; kubuda mukati kana kuenderera mberi. Iyo yakakura yekuburitsa ikozvino, iyo inokurumidza kukurumidza kushanda voltage inodonha; nekushisa kwekubuda, jira rekubuda rinoshanduka zvinyoro.

(1) Kugara kuri kubuda

Kana iyo inogara ichibuda ikozvino, kukosha kwazvino kwakaiswa, uye ipapo kukosha kwazvino kusvikwa nekugadzirisa iyo CNC inogara iripo sosi, kuitira kuti uone iyo inogara ichibuda yebhatiri. Panguva imwecheteyo, kushanduka kwemagetsi ekupedzisira kwebheteri kunounganidzwa kuti ione maitiro ekubuda kwebhatiri. Constant current discharge ndiko kubuda kweiyo yakafanana discharge current, asi bhatiri voltage inoramba ichidonha, saka simba rinoramba richidonha. Mufananidzo 5 ndiyo voltage uye yazvino curve yekuramba iripo ikozvino kubuda kwe lithium-ion mabhatiri. Nekuda kweiyo inogara ichiburitswa ikozvino, iyo axis yenguva inoshandurwa zviri nyore kune inokwana (chigadzirwa chezvino uye nguva) axis. Mufananidzo 5 unoratidza iyo voltage-capacity curve pane inogara ichibuda. Constant current discharge ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa nzira yekuburitsa mu lithium-ion bhatiri bvunzo.

Mufananidzo 5 anogara aripo anogara achichaja magetsi uye anogara aripo anoburitsa macurves pamitengo yakasiyana yekuwedzera

(2) Kubuda kwesimba nguva dzose

Kana simba rinogara richibuda, simba rinogara richikosha P rinoiswa pekutanga, uye inobuda voltage U yebhatiri inounganidzwa. Mukuita kwekuburitsa, P inodikanwa kuti irambe iripo, asi U inogara ichichinja, saka zvinodikanwa kuti urambe uchigadzirisa ikozvino I yeCNC inogara iripo sosi zvinoenderana neformula I = P / U kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuramba uchiburitsa simba. . Chengetedza simba rekubuda risina kuchinjwa, nokuti magetsi ebheteri anoramba achidonha panguva yekubuda, saka ikozvino mumagetsi emagetsi anoramba achikwira. Nekuda kwekuramba kuburitswa kwesimba, iyo nguva yekubatanidza axis inoshandurwa zviri nyore kuita simba (chigadzirwa chesimba uye nguva) kurongedza axis.

Mufananidzo 6 Kugara uchichaja simba uye kuburitsa macurves pamitengo yakasiyana yakapetwa kaviri

Kuenzanisa pakati pekugara kwemazuva ano kubuda uye nguva dzose simba rekubuda

Mufananidzo 7: (a) kubhadharisa uye kuburitsa simba dhiyagiramu pazviyero zvakasiyana; (b) kuchaja uye kuburitsa curve

 Mufananidzo 7 unoratidza mhedzisiro yechiyero chakasiyana chechaji uye yekuburitsa bvunzo mumamodhi maviri e lithium iron phosphate bhatiri. Zvinoenderana necano curve muFIG. 7 (a), nekuwedzera kwechaji uye kuburitsa ikozvino mune inogara iripo modhi, iyo chaiyo yekuchaja uye yekuburitsa simba rebhatiri inoderera zvishoma nezvishoma, asi shanduko yekuchinja idiki. Iyo chaiyo yekuchaja uye yekuburitsa huwandu hwebhatiri inoderera zvishoma nezvishoma nekuwedzera kwesimba, uye yakakura iyo inowandisa, inokurumidza kuora kwesimba. Iyo 1 h rate yekuburitsa simba yakaderera pane inogara ichiyerera modhi. Panguva imwecheteyo, kana chiyero chekuchaja-chaicho chakaderera kupfuura 5 h, simba rebheteri rakakwirira pasi pesimba rinogara riripo, asi simba rebheteri rakakwirira kudarika 5 h chiyero chepamusoro pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu anogara aripo.

Kubva pamufananidzo 7 (b) inoratidza simba-voltage curve, pasi pemamiriro ekuderera kwechiyero, lithium iron phosphate bhatiri maviri mode capacity-voltage curve, uye charge and discharge voltage platform change haisi yakakura, asi pasi pemamiriro echiyero chepamusoro, inogara iripo-inogara voltage modhi yenguva dzose yemagetsi nguva yakarebesa, uye yekuchaja voltage papuratifomu yakawedzera zvakanyanya, discharge voltage platform yakadzikira zvakanyanya.

(3) Kugara kusingabvumirwe kubuda

Kana kuramba kuchiramba kuchibuda, iyo inogara ichipikisa kukosha R inotangwa kutanga kuunganidza yakabuda voltage yebhatiri U. Munguva yekubuda, R inodiwa kuti irambe ichigara, asi U inogara ichichinja, saka ikozvino ini ndinokoshesa CNC inogara iripo. sosi inofanirwa kugara ichigadziriswa zvinoenderana neformula I = U / R kuzadzisa chinangwa chekugara kuramba kubuda. Iyo voltage yebhatiri inogara ichiderera mukuita kwekuburitsa, uye kushorwa kwakafanana, saka iyo yekuburitsa ikozvino ini zvakare iri kuderera maitiro.

(4) Kuramba kuchibuda, kubuda kwepakati uye kubuda kwepulse

Iyo bhatiri inoburitswa mune inogara iripo, inogara iine simba uye inogara ichipokana, uchishandisa iyo nguva basa kuona kutonga kwekuramba kuburitsa, kuyerera kwepakati uye kubuda kwepulse. Mufananidzo 11 unoratidza macurves azvino uye voltage curves yeyakajairwa pulse charge / discharge test.

Mufananidzo 8 Azvino ma curves uye voltage curves kune akajairwa pulse charge-discharge bvunzo

[Ruzivo runosanganisirwa muchikamu chekuburitsa]

Discharge curve inoreva curve yevoltiji, ikozvino, huwandu uye dzimwe shanduko dzebhatiri nekufamba kwenguva panguva yekubuda. Ruzivo rwuri muchaji uye kuburitsa curve rwakapfuma kwazvo, kusanganisira kugona, simba, kushanda kwevoltage uye voltage papuratifomu, hukama pakati peiyo electrode inogona uye mamiriro echaji, etc. Iyo data huru yakanyorwa panguva yekubuda bvunzo ndiyo nguva. kushanduka kwezvino uye voltage. Mazhinji ma parameter anogona kuwanikwa kubva kune aya ekutanga data. Izvi zvinotevera ma parameter anogona kuwanikwa ne discharge curve.

(1) Voltage

Muyedzo yekuyerera yelithium ion bhatiri, maparamita evoltage anonyanya kusanganisira chikuva chevoltage, vhezheni yepakati, avhareji yevoltage, kutemwa kwemagetsi, zvichingodaro. Mhepo yepuratifomu ndiyo inoenderana kukosha kwevoltage kana shanduko yemagetsi ishoma uye shanduko yesimba yakakura. , iyo inogona kuwanikwa kubva pamutengo wepamusoro we dQ / dV. Iyo median voltage ndiyo inoenderana voltage kukosha kwehafu yebhatiri reti. Kune zvinhu zviri pachena papuratifomu, senge lithium iron phosphate uye lithium titanate, iyo median voltage ndiyo yepuratifomu voltage. Avhareji yemagetsi inzvimbo inoshanda yevoltage-capacity curve (kureva, simba rekuburitsa bhatiri) rakakamurwa neformula yecalculation formula ndeye u = U (t) * I (t) dt / I (t) dt. Iko-cut-off voltage inoreva mashoma voltage anobvumidzwa kana bhatiri rabuda. Kana iyo voltage yakadzikira pane inoyerera yakatemwa-voltage, iyo voltage pamigumo yese yebhatiri inodonha nekukurumidza, ichigadzira yakawandisa discharge. Overdischarge inogona kukonzera kukuvadzwa kune inoshanda chinhu che electrode, kurasikirwa nekugona kuita, uye kupfupisa hupenyu hwebhatiri. Sezvakatsanangurwa muchikamu chekutanga, voltage yebhatiri inoenderana nechaji mamiriro eiyo cathode zvinhu uye kugona kwe electrode.

(2) Kugona uye chaiyo kugona

Kuwanda kwebhatiri kunoreva huwandu hwemagetsi anoburitswa nebhatiri pasi peimwe dhizaini system (pasi peimwe inobuda ikozvino I, tembiricha yekuburitsa T, kubuda-kubvisa-voltage V), zvichiratidza kugona kwebhatiri kuchengetedza simba muAh kana C. .Kugona kunokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakawanda, zvakadai semvura inoyerera, tembiricha yekuyerera, etc. Saizi yekugona inotarirwa nehuwandu hwezvinhu zvinoshanda mumagetsi akanaka uye asina kunaka.

Theoretical capacity: kugona kunopihwa nechinhu chinoshanda mukuita.

Chaiyo simba: iyo chaiyo simba inoburitswa pasi peimwe discharge system.

Rated capacity: inoreva hushoma huwandu hwesimba hunovimbiswa nebhatiri pasi pemamiriro akagadzirwa ekuburitsa.

Muchiyedzo chekubuda, huwandu hunoverengerwa nekubatanidza ikozvino nekufamba kwenguva, kureva C = I (t) dt, inogara iripo mu t inoramba ichibuda, C = I (t) dt = I t; kuramba kuramba R discharge, C = Ini (t) dt = (1 / R) * U (t) dt (1 / R) * kunze (u ndiyo avhareji yekuburitsa voltage, t ndiyo nguva yekubuda).

Chaiyo simba: Kuti uenzanise mabhatiri akasiyana, iyo pfungwa yehumwe huwandu hunounzwa. Specific capacity (Specific capacity) inoreva huwandu hunopihwa nechinhu chinoshanda che unit mass kana unit volume electrode, inodaidzwa kuti mass specific capacity kana vhoriyamu yakanangana nehukuru. Iyo yakajairwa yekuverenga nzira ndeye: chaiyo chiyero = bhatiri rekutanga kubuda simba / (inoshanda chinhu chiyero * inoshanda chekushandisa chiyero)

Zvinhu zvinokanganisa huwandu hwebhatiri:

a. Iko kubuda kwebhatiri: iyo yakakura ikozvino, simba rekubuda rinoderera;

b. Discharge tembiricha yebhatiri: kana tembiricha yadzikira, huwandu hwekubuda hunoderera;

c. Iyo yekubuda-yekubvisa-voltage yebhatiri: nguva yekuburitsa yakamiswa ne electrode zvinhu uye muganho weiyo electrode reaction pachayo inowanzo 3.0V kana 2.75V.

d. Kuchaja uye kuburitsa nguva yebhatiri: mushure mekuchaja kwakawanda uye kuburitswa kwebhatiri, nekuda kwekutadza kwezvinhu zve electrode, bhatiri richakwanisa kuderedza kubuda kwebhatiri.

e. Mamiriro ekuchaja ebhatiri: chiyero chekuchaja, tembiricha, kucheka-kubvisa voltage kunokanganisa huwandu hwebhatiri, nekudaro inosarudza simba rekuburitsa.

 Nzira yekusarudza bhatiri simba:

Maindasitiri akasiyana ane akasiyana bvunzo zviyero zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekushanda. Kune mabhatiri e-lithium-ion ezvigadzirwa zve3C, zvinoenderana neyakajairwa chiyero chenyika GB / T18287-2000 General Specification yeLithium-ion Mabhatiri eSerura Nhare, iyo yakayerwa chiyero chekuyedza nzira yebhatiri ndeiyi inotevera: a) kuchaja: 0.2C5A kuchaja; b) kuburitsa: 0.2C5A kuburitsa; c) mitsetse mishanu, iyo imwe inokodzera.

Kune indasitiri yemotokari dzemagetsi, zvinoenderana neiyo yenyika standard GB / T 31486-2015 Magetsi Performance Zvinodiwa uye Eyedzo Nzira dzeSimba Bhatiri reMotokari dzeMagetsi, huwandu hwakayerwa hwebhatiri hunoreva huwandu (Ah) hwakaburitswa nebhatiri pamhepo tembiricha. ne 1I1 (A) ikozvino kubuda kuti isvike pakuguma kwemhepo, umo I1 iri 1 awa chiyero chekubuda ikozvino, iyo inokosha yakaenzana neC1 (A). Nzira yekuedza ndeiyi:

A) Patembiricha yemumba, misa magetsi anogara achichaja neanogara achichaja kune yekuchaja yekumisa voltage inotsanangurwa nebhizinesi, uye misa kuchaja kana chaja yekumisa ikozvino ichidonha kusvika 0.05I1 (A), uye bata kuchaja kwe1h mushure. kuchaja.

Bb) Patembiricha yekamuri, bhatiri rinoburitswa ne 1I1 (A) ikozvino kusvika kubuda kwasvika pakuburitsa kumisa voltage inotsanangurwa mune bhizinesi tekinoroji mamiriro;

C) kuyerwa kuburitsa simba (kuyerwa neAh), verenga kuburitsa chaiko simba (kuyerwa neWh / kg);

3 d) Dzokorora matanho a) -) c) kashanu. Kana mutsauko wakanyanyisa webvunzo nhatu dzakateedzana uri pasi pe5% yehuwandu hwakayerwa, bvunzo inogona kupedzwa pachine nguva uye mhedzisiro yebvunzo nhatu dzekupedzisira dzinogona kuverengerwa.

(3) State of charge, SOC

SOC (State of Charge) inzvimbo yekuchaja, inomiririra chiyero chesimba rasara rebhatiri kusvika pakuchaja kwaro mushure menguva kana nguva refu pasi peimwe chiyero chekubuda. Iyo nzira ye "open-circuit voltage + awa-nguva yekubatanidza" nzira inoshandisa yakavhurika-circuit voltage nzira yekufungidzira yekutanga mamiriro ekuchaja huwandu hwebhatiri, uyezve inoshandisa nzira yeawa-nguva yekubatanidza kuwana simba rinoshandiswa neawa. -nguva yekubatanidza nzira. Simba rinopedzwa ndiro chibereko chekubuda ikozvino uye nguva yekubuda, uye simba rinosara rakaenzana nemusiyano pakati pesimba rekutanga uye simba rinopedzwa. Iyo SOC yemasvomhu fungidziro pakati pekuvhurika redunhu voltage neawa-yakakosha ndeye:

Iko CN ndiyo yakatemerwa huwandu; η ndiyo yekuchaja-kuburitsa kunyatsoshanda; T ndiyo tembiricha yekushandisa bhatiri; Ndini bhatiri ikozvino; t inguva yekubuda kwebhatiri.

DOD (Kudzika kweDicharge) ndiko kudzika kwekubuda, chiyero chedhigirii yekubuda, inova chikamu chehuwandu hwekubuda kwehuwandu hwekubuda. Iyo yakadzika yekubuda ine hukama hukuru nehupenyu hwebhatiri: iyo yakadzika yekuyerera kudzika, kupfupika kwehupenyu. Ukama hunoverengerwa SOC = 100% -DOD

4) Simba uye chaiyo simba

Iro simba remagetsi iro bhatiri rinogona kubuda nekuita basa rekunze pasi pemamwe mamiriro anonzi simba rebhatiri, uye iyo unit inowanzo ratidzwa mu wh. Muchikamu chekubuda, simba rinoverengwa sezvinotevera: W = U (t) * I (t) dt. Pakubuda kwazvino uno, W = I * U (t) dt = Iyo * u (ndiwe avhareji yekuburitsa voltage, t ndiyo nguva yekubuda)

a. Theoretical simba

Kubuda kwebhatiri kuri munzvimbo yakaenzana, uye simba rekuburitsa rinochengetedza kukosha kwesimba remagetsi (E), uye chiyero chekushandiswa kwechinhu chinoshanda i100%. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu aya, simba rinobuda rebhatiri ndiro simba re theoretical, kureva, basa guru rinoitwa nebhatiri rinogadziriswa pasi pekushisa nguva dzose nekumanikidzwa.

b. Simba chairo

Iyo chaiyo inobuda simba rekubuda kwebhatiri inonzi iro chairo simba, iyo yemagetsi indasitiri yemagetsi mirau ("GB / T 31486-2015 Power Battery Magetsi Performance Zvinodiwa uye Eyedzo Nzira dzeMotokari dzemagetsi"), bhatiri pakamuri tembiricha ine 1I1 (A. ) ikozvino kubuda, kusvika kune simba (Wh) rinobudiswa nemagetsi ekugumisa, anonzi simba rakarongwa.

c. simba chairo

Simba rinopihwa nebhatiri pachiyero cheyuniti uye pavhoriyamu yevhoriyamu rinonzi simba rakati rei kana vhoriyamu chaiyo simba, rinodaidzwa zvakare kuti simba remagetsi. Muzvikamu zvewh / kg kana wh / L.

[Basic form ye discharge curve]

Iyo inonyanya kukosha fomu yekuburitsa curve ndeye voltage-nguva uye yazvino nguva curve. Kuburikidza neshanduko yenguva axis calculation, yakajairika discharge curve inewo voltage-capacity (specific capacity) curve, voltage-energy (specific energy) curve, voltage-SOC curve zvichingodaro.

(1) Voltage-nguva uye ikozvino nguva curve

Mufananidzo 9 Voltage-nguva uye ikozvino-nguva curves

(2) Voltage-capacity curve

Mufananidzo 10 Voltage-capacity curve

(3) Voltage-simba curve

Mufananidzo 11. Voltage-energy curve

[zvinyorwa zvinyorwa]

• Wang Chao, nevamwe. Kuenzanisa kwechaji uye kuburitsa hunhu hwesimba rinogara razvino uye rinogara riri mumagetsi emagetsi ekuchengetedza magetsi [J]. Sainzi yekuchengetedza simba uye tekinoroji.2017(06):1313-1320.
• Eom KS, Joshi T, Bordes A, et al. Magadzirirwo eLi-ion yakazara sero bhatiri uchishandisa nano silicon uye nano akawanda-layer graphene composite anode[J]
• Guo Jipeng, et al. Kuenzanisa kweanogara aripo uye anogara aripo simba rekuedza maitiro e lithium iron phosphate mabhatiri [J] .storage battery.2017(03):109-115
• Marinaro M，Yoon D，Gabrielli G,et al.High performance 1.2 Ah Si-alloy/Graphite|LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 prototype Li-ion bateri[J] .Journal of Power Sources.2017，357(Supplement C):188-197.