Nheyo ye3.7V lithium bhatiri yekudzivirira bhodhi-kuongororwa kwekutanga uye voltage zviyero zvelithium bhatiri

Kuwanda kwekushandiswa kwemabhatiri

Chinangwa chekugadzira tekinoroji yepamusoro kuita kuti ishandire vanhu zvirinani. Kubva payakatangwa muna 1990, mabhatiri e-lithium-ion akawedzera nekuda kwekuita kwavo kwakanaka uye akashandiswa zvakanyanya munharaunda. Lithium-ion mabhatiri akakurumidza kutora minda yakawanda ine zvikomborero zvisingaenzaniswi pamusoro pemamwe mabhatiri, akadai sefoni dzinozivikanwa, makombiyuta emabhuku, makamera maduku evhidhiyo, nezvimwewo. Nyika dzakawanda dzinoshandisa bhatiri iri nokuda kwezvinangwa zvehondo. Chishandiso chinoratidza kuti lithium-ion bhatiri idiki rakanakira girinhi magetsi sosi.

Chechipiri, zvikamu zvikuru zve lithium-ion mabhatiri

(1) Bhatiri rekuvhara

(2) Positive electrode-active zvinhu inonzi lithium cobalt oxide

(3) Diaphragm - membrane inokosha inoumbwa

(4) Negative electrode-inoshanda zvinhu icarbon

(5) Organic electrolyte

(6) Battery kesi

Chechitatu, kushanda kwepamusoro kwe lithium-ion mabhatiri

(1) High kushanda voltage

(2) Simba guru chairo

(3) Upenyu hurefu hwekutenderera

(4) Kudzikira-kuzviburitsa mwero

(5) Hapana chiyeuchidzo

(6) Hapana kusvibiswa

Ina, lithium bhatiri mhando uye kusarudzwa kwesimba

Kutanga, verenga inoenderera iripo iyo bhatiri inoda kupa zvichibva pasimba remota yako (inoda simba chairo, uye kazhinji, kumhanya kwekutasva kunoenderana nesimba rinoenderana chairo). Semuenzaniso, ngatiti injini ine inoenderera ikozvino ye20a (1000w mota pa48v). Muchiitiko ichocho, bhatiri rinoda kupa 20a ikozvino kwenguva yakareba. Tembiricha yekukwira haina kudzika (kunyangwe tembiricha iri 35 madhigirii kunze muzhizha, tembiricha yebhatiri inodzorwa zvakanyanya pasi pe50 degrees). Mukuwedzera, kana yazvino iri 20a pa48v, iyo overpressure yakapetwa kaviri (96v, yakadai seCPU 3), uye inoenderera mberi ichasvika pa50a. Kana iwe uchida kushandisa over-voltage kwenguva yakareba, ndapota sarudza bhatiri rinogona kuramba richipa 50a ikozvino (ichiri kuterera kukwira kwekushisa). Kuenderera mberi kwechamupupuri pano hakusi kuburitsa bhatiri remutengesi. Mutengesi anoti mashoma C (kana mazana emaamperes) ndiwo bhatiri rekuburitsa simba, uye kana rikaburitswa panguva ino, bhatiri rinoburitsa kupisa kwakanyanya. Kana kupisa kusina kukwana zvakakwana, hupenyu hwebheteri huchava hupfupi. (Uye nzvimbo yebheteri yemotokari dzedu dzemagetsi ndeyokuti mabhatiri akazara uye anobudiswa. Chaizvoizvo, hapana mapeji akasara, uye kuvhara kwakanyanyisa, regai kumanikidzira kutonhora kwemhepo kuti iparadze kupisa). Nzvimbo yedu yekushandisa yakaoma zvikuru. Kubuda kwebhatiri ikozvino kunoda kuderedzwa kuti ishandiswe. Kuongorora kubuda kwebhatiri ikozvino kugona kuona kuti yakakura sei inoenderana tembiricha yekukwira kwebhatiri panguva ino.

Nheyo chete inokurukurwa pano kukwira kwekushisa kwebhatiri panguva yekushandiswa (tembiricha yepamusoro ndiyo inouraya muvengi welithium bhatiri hupenyu). Zvakanakisa kudzora tembiricha yebhatiri iri pasi pe50 degrees. (Pakati pe20-30 madhigirii ndiyo yakanakisisa). Izvi zvinoreva zvakare kuti kana iri yemhando yemhando ye lithium bhatiri (yakaburitswa pazasi 0.5C), inoenderera ichiburitsa ikozvino ye20a inoda huwandu hweanopfuura 40ah (zvechokwadi, chinhu chinonyanya kukosha chinoenderana nekupikiswa kwemukati kwebhatiri). Kana iri simba-mhando lithium bhatiri, itsika yekuramba ichibuda zvinoenderana ne1C. Kunyange iyo A123 yekupedzisira-yakaderera mukati mekudzivirira simba remhando ye lithium bhatiri inowanzova yakanakisa kubvisa pa1C (hapana kupfuura 2C iri nani, 2C inobuda inogona kungoshandiswa kwehafu yeawa, uye haina kunyanya kubatsira). Kusarudzwa kwekugona kunoenderana nehukuru hwenzvimbo yekuchengetedza mota, bhajeti remashandisiro emunhu, uye huwandu hunotarisirwa hwezviitiko zvemotokari. (Kugona kudiki kazhinji kunoda simba mhando lithium bhatiri)

5. Kuongorora uye kusangana kwemabhatiri

Iyo yakakura taboo yekushandisa mabhatiri e lithium munhevedzano kusaenzana kwakanyanya kwebhatiri kuzviburitsa. Chero bedzi munhu wese asina kuenzana zvakaenzana, zvakanaka. Dambudziko nderekuti nyika iyi haina kugadzikana. Bhatiri rakanaka rine diki rekuzviburitsa, dutu rakaipa rine huru yekuzviburitsa, uye mamiriro ekuti kuzviburitsa hakusi kudiki kana kwete kunowanzo kuchinjwa kubva kune yakanaka kuenda kune yakaipa. State, maitiro aya haana kugadzikana. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti utarise mabhatiri ane mahombe ekuzviburitsa uye kusiya bhatiri chete riine diki kuzviburitsa (kazhinji, kuzviburitsa kwezvigadzirwa zvinokwanisa kudiki, uye mugadziri akayera, uye dambudziko nderekuti. zvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvisina kukodzera zvinoyerera mumusika).

Zvichienderana nekuzviburitsa kudiki, sarudza nhevedzano ine simba rakafanana. Kunyange kana simba racho risina kufanana, hazvizokanganisa hupenyu hwebhatiri, asi zvinokanganisa kushanda kwebhatiri pack yese. Semuenzaniso, mabhatiri gumi nemashanu ane simba re15ah, uye bhatiri imwe chete ndeye 20ah, saka huwandu hwehuwandu hweboka iri remabhatiri hunogona kuva 18ah chete. Pakupera kwekushandiswa, bhatiri richave rakafa, uye bhodhi rekudzivirira richadzivirirwa. Mhepo yebhatiri yese ichiri yakakwira (nokuti vhezheni yemamwe mabhatiri gumi nemashanu ndeyeyero, uye kuchine magetsi). Naizvozvo, simba rekudzivirira rekubuda rebhatiri pack rose rinogona kuona kana huwandu hwebhatiri paki hwakafanana (chero bedzi sero yega yega yebhatiri inofanirwa kuchajwa kana bhatiri paki razara). Muchidimbu, kusaenzana kwesimba hakukanganise hupenyu hwebhatiri asi kunongokanganisa kugona kweboka rose, saka edza kusarudza gungano rine dhigirii rakafanana.

Bhatiri rakaunganidzwa rinofanira kuwana yakanaka ohmic kuonana kuramba pakati pemagetsi. Izvo zviduku zvinopikisa zvinopikisa pakati petambo uye electrode, zviri nani; kana zvisina kudaro, iyo electrode ine yakakosha kuonana kuramba ichapisa. Kupisa uku kuchaendeswa mukati mebhatiri pamwe neelectrode uye kunokanganisa hupenyu hwebhatiri. Ehezve, kuratidzwa kwekupokana kukuru kwegungano ndiko kudonha kwakakosha kwevoltage yebhatiri paki pasi peiyo yekuburitsa ikozvino. (Chikamu chekudonha kwevoltage ndiko kuramba kwemukati kwesero, uye chikamu chakaunganidzwa chekupikisa uye kuramba waya)

Nhanhatu, kusarudzwa kwebhodhi rekudzivirira uye kuchaja uye kuburitsa zvinhu zvekushandisa

(Iyo data ndeye lithium iron phosphate bhatiri, musimboti weyakajairika 3.7v bhatiri yakafanana, asi ruzivo rwakasiyana)

Chinangwa chebhodhi rekudzivirira ndechekudzivirira bhatiri kubva pakuchaja uye kuburitsa zvakanyanya, kudzivirira yakakwira ikozvino kubva mukukuvadza dutu uye kuenzanisa bhatiri voltage kana bhatiri razara chaji (kukwanisa kuenzanisa kunowanzo kudiki, saka kana paine self-discharged battery protection board, inoshamisa Zvinonetsa kuenzanisa, uye kunewo mabhodhi ekudzivirira akaenzana mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu, kureva kuti, kubhadhara kunoitwa kubva pakutanga kwekuchaja, iyo inoita seisingawanzoitiki).

Kwehupenyu hwebhatiri pack, zvinokurudzirwa kuti bhatiri yekuchaja voltage isapfuure 3.6v chero nguva, izvo zvinoreva kuti inodzivirira chiito voltage yebhodhi rekudzivirira haina kukwira kupfuura 3.6v, uye yakaenzana voltage inokurudzirwa kuti ive. 3.4v-3.5v (sero imwe neimwe 3.4v yakabhadharwa kupfuura 99% Battery, inoreva static state, iyo voltage ichawedzera kana ichichaja nepamusoro ikozvino). Iyo bhatiri discharge yekudzivirira voltage kazhinji iri pamusoro pe2.5v (pamusoro 2v harisi dambudziko hombe, kazhinji pane mukana mudiki wekuishandisa zvachose kunze kwesimba, saka ichi chinodiwa hachisi chakakwira).

Iyo yakakurudzirwa yakawanda voltage yejaja (yekupedzisira nhanho yekuchaja inogona kunge iri yepamusoro inogara voltage yekuchaja modhi) ndeye 3.5 *, nhamba yetambo, senge 56v kune gumi nematanhatu mitsara. Kazhinji, kuchaja kunogona kudzimwa paavhareji ye16v pasero (yakanyatso chajiwa) kuvimbisa hupenyu hwebhatiri. Kunyange zvakadaro, nokuti bhodhi rekudzivirira harisati ratanga kuenzanisa kana bhatiri core ine huru yekuzvibvisa, ichaita seboka rose nekufamba kwenguva; simba rinoderera zvishoma nezvishoma. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kugara uchichaja bhatiri rimwe nerimwe kusvika 3.4v-3.5v (senge svondo rega rega) uye kurichengeta kwemaawa mashoma (chero avhareji yakakura kupfuura yakaenzana yekutanga voltage), iyo yakakura kuzviburitsa. , iyo nguva yakaenzana ichatora. The self-discharge Oversized mabhatiri akaoma kuenzanisa uye anoda kubviswa. Saka kana uchisarudza bhodhi rekudzivirira, edza kusarudza 3.6v overvoltage dziviriro uye tanga kuenzana kutenderedza 3.6v. (Yakawanda yekudzivirira kwepamusoro pamusika iri pamusoro pe3.5v, uye iyo yakaenzana inoumbwa pamusoro pe3.8v). Kusarudza yakaringana yakaenzana yekutanga voltage kunonyanya kukosha kupfuura yekudzivirira voltage nekuti iyo yakanyanya voltage inogona kugadziridzwa nekugadzirisa iyo yakanyanya voltage muganho wejaja (kureva kuti, bhodhi rekudzivirira kazhinji harina mukana wekuita yakakwirira-voltage dziviriro). Zvakadaro, ngatitii voltage yakadzikama yakakwira. Kana zvakadaro, bhatiri pack haina mukana wekuenzanisa (kunze kwekunge Iyo yekuchaja voltage yakakura kupfuura equilibrium voltage, asi izvi zvinokanganisa hupenyu hwebhatiri), sero richadzikira zvishoma nezvishoma nekuda kwekuzviburitsa simba (yakanaka sero ine kuzviburitsa kwe3.6 hakuna).

Iyo inoenderera ichiburitsa ikozvino kugona kwebhodhi rekudzivirira. Ichi ndicho chinhu chakaipisisa kutaura pamusoro pacho. Nekuti iko zvino kudzikamisa kugona kwebhodhi rekudzivirira hakuna zvazvinoreva. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukarega 75nf75 chubhu ichienderera mberi kupfuura 50a ikozvino (panguva ino, simba rekupisa rinenge 30w, angangoita maviri 60w akateedzana neiyo chiteshi bhodhi), chero paine kupisa kunyura kunokwana kuparara. kupisa, hapana dambudziko. Inogona kuchengetwa pa50a kana kunyange yakakwirira pasina kupisa chubhu. Asi iwe haugone kutaura kuti iyi bhodhi yekudzivirira inogona kugara 50a ikozvino nekuti mazhinji eese ekudzivirira mapaneru anoiswa mubhokisi rebhatiri padyo nebhatiri kana kuvharika. Nokudaro, kutonhora kwakadaro kunopisa bhatiri uye kupisa. Dambudziko nderekuti tembiricha yepamusoro ndiye muvengi anouraya wedutu.

Nokudaro, nzvimbo yekushandiswa kwebhodhi rekudzivirira inosarudza nzira yekusarudza muganhu wezvino (kwete ikozvino kukwanisa kwebhodhi rekudzivirira pachayo). Ngatitii bhodhi rekudzivirira rinotorwa kubva mubhokisi rebhatiri. Muchiitiko ichocho, inenge chero bhodhi yekudzivirira ine sink yekupisa inogona kubata inoenderera mberi ye50a kana kunyange yakakwirira (panguva ino, chete bhodhi rekudzivirira simba rinotaridzirwa, uye hapana chikonzero chekunetseka pamusoro pekukwira kwekushisa kunokonzera kukanganisa bhatiri cell). Tevere, munyori anotaura nezve nharaunda iyo munhu wese anowanzo shandisa, munzvimbo imwechete yakavharirwa sebhatiri. Panguva ino, simba rinopisa rinopisa rebhodhi rekudzivirira rinonyanya kudzorwa pasi pe10w (kana iri bhodhi duku rekudzivirira, inoda 5w kana pasi, uye bhodhi rekudzivirira guru rinogona kuva rinopfuura 10w nokuti rine kupisa kwakanaka kwekupisa. uye tembiricha haizove yakanyanya kukwirira). Kana iri yakawanda sei yakakodzera, zvinokurudzirwa kuenderera mberi. Iyo yakanyanya tembiricha yebhodhi rose haipfuure madhigirii makumi matanhatu kana ikozvino inoshandiswa (60 madhigirii akanakisa). Theoretically, kuderera kwekushisa kwebhodhi rekudzivirira, zviri nani, uye zvishoma zvichakanganisa masero.

Nekuti iyo imwechete port board yakabatana munhevedzano neyekuchaja yemagetsi mos, chizvarwa chekupisa chemamiriro akafanana chakapetwa kaviri cheiyo bhodhi bhodhi. Nokuda kwechizvarwa chakafanana chekupisa, nhamba chete yechubhu inokwana kana yakakwirira (pasi pechirevo chemuenzaniso wakafanana we mos). Ngativerengei, kana 50a inopfuurira ikozvino, ipapo mos mukati mekudzivirira mamiriyoni maviri (5 75nf75 machubhu anodiwa kuti awane iyi yakaenzana yekudzivirira mukati), uye simba rekupisa ndiro 50 * 50 * 0.002 = 5w. Panguva ino, zvinogoneka (chaizvoizvo, iyo mos ikozvino inokwana 2 milliohms mukati mekudzivirira inopfuura 100a, haisi dambudziko, asi kupisa kukuru). Kana iri bhodhi rimwe chete rechiteshi, 4 2 milliohm yemukati yekudzivirira mos inodiwa (imwe neimwe miviri inopindirana yemukati inopikisa ndeye miliohm imwe, uye yakabatanidzwa munhevedzano, iyo yose yemukati inopikisa yakaenzana nemamiriyoni maviri e2 tubes inoshandiswa, nhamba yose ndiyo 75). Ngatitii 20a inoramba iripo inobvumira simba rekudziya kuve 100w. Muchiitiko ichocho, mutsara une kupikisa kwemukati we 10 miliohm inodiwa (zvechokwadi, iyo yakaenzana yakaenzana mukati mekudzivirira inogona kuwanikwa neMOS parallel connection). Kana nhamba yezviteshi zvakasiyana ichiri kanokwana kana, kana 1a inoramba iripo ichiri kubvumira simba guru re100w Heating, ipapo 5 milliohm tube chete inogona kushandiswa, iyo inoda kuwanda kwemazana mana kana ichienzaniswa ne0.5a inoramba iripo kuti ibudise zvakafanana. huwandu hwekupisa). Nokudaro, paunenge uchishandisa bhodhi rekudzivirira, sarudza bhodhi rine kusakanganiswa kwemukati kupikisa kuderedza kutonhora. Kana kupikisa kwemukati kwave kwakatemwa, ndapota regai bhodhi uye kunze kwekupisa zviparadze zviri nani. Sarudza bhodhi rekudzivirira uye usateerere kune iyo mutengesi inoenderera ikozvino kugona. Ingo bvunza kushivirira kwemukati kweiyo discharge yedunhu rekudzivirira uye uverenge wega (bvunza kuti ndeupi rudzi rwechubhu inoshandiswa, yakawanda sei inoshandiswa, uye tarisa kuverengera kwemukati kupikisa iwe pachako). Munyori anonzwa kuti kana ikasunungurwa pasi pezita remutengesi rinoenderera mberi, kukwira kwekushisa kwebhodhi rekudzivirira kunofanira kunge kwakakwirira. Naizvozvo, zvakanakisa kusarudza bhodhi rekudzivirira rine derating. (Iti 50a inoenderera, unogona kushandisa 50a, unoda 30a nguva dzose, zvakanakisisa kutenga 50a zita rinopfuurira). Kune vashandisi vanoshandisa 80v CPU, zvinokurudzirwa kuti kupikisa kwemukati kwebhodhi rekudzivirira hakupfuuri mamiriyoni maviri.

Musiyano uripo pakati pebhodhi rimwe rechiteshi uye bhodhi rakasiyana rechiteshi: iyo bhodhi bhodhi mutsetse mumwechete wekuchaja nekuburitsa, uye zvese kuchaja nekuburitsa zvinodzivirirwa.

Iyo yakasiyana port board yakasununguka pamitsara yekuchaja uye yekuburitsa. Chiteshi chekuchaja chinongodzivirira kubva pakuchaja kana uchichaja uye hachidziviriri kana chikabviswa pachiteshi chekuchaja (asi chinogona kubuda zvachose, asi huwandu hwazvino hwechiteshi chekuchaja kazhinji hushoma). Iyo yekuburitsa chiteshi inodzivirira kubva kune-yakawandisa-kubuda panguva yekubuda. Kana kuchaja kubva pachiteshi chekuburitsa, kubhadharisa-yakawandisa hakuna kuvharwa (saka iyo reverse kuchaja yeCPU ino shandiswa zvachose kune akasiyana port board. Uye reverse charge idiki pane simba rinoshandiswa, saka Usanetseka nezvekuchaja yakawandisa. bhatiri nekuda kwekuchaja kumashure.Kunze kwekunge wabuda nekubhadhara kwakazara, kwave makiromita mashoma kudzika ipapo. Kana ukaramba uchitanga eabs reverse kuchaji, zvinokwanisika kuwedzeresa bhatiri, iro risipo), asi kushandisa nguva dzose kuchaja. kubva pachiteshi chekuburitsa, kunze kwekunge iwe uchigara uchitarisisa magetsi ekuchaja (senge yenguva pfupi yemugwagwa yekuchaja yakakwira-ikozvino kuchaja, unogona kuvimba kubva pachiteshi chekuburitsa, uye ramba uchichovha usina kubhadhariswa zvizere, usanetsekane nekuwedzeredza)

Verenga iyo yakanyanya kuenderera ikozvino yemota yako, sarudza bhatiri rine huwandu hwakakodzera kana simba rinogona kusangana neichi chinogara chiripo, uye tembiricha inokwira inodzorwa. Iko kupikisa kwemukati kwebhodhi rekudzivirira kuduku sezvinobvira. Kudzivirirwa kwepamusoro-ikozvino kwebhodhi rekudzivirira kunongoda kuchengetedzwa kwepfupi-masekiti uye kumwe kuchengetedzwa kwekushandisa zvisina kujairika (usayedze kudzikamisa ikozvino inodiwa nemutongi kana mota nekudzikamisa kunyorwa kwebhodhi rekudzivirira). Nokuti kana injini yako ichida 50a ikozvino, haushandisi bhodhi rekudzivirira kuti uone ikozvino 40a, iyo inokonzera kuchengetedzwa nguva dzose. Iko kamwe kamwe kukundikana kwesimba remutongi kuchakuvadza nyore mutongi.

Zvinomwe, voltage standard kuongororwa kwe lithium-ion mabhatiri

(1) Vhura redhisheni voltage: inoreva voltage ye lithium-ion bhatiri mune isingashande mamiriro. Panguva ino, hapana ikozvino inoyerera. Kana bhatiri razara zvakakwana, mutsauko unokwanisa pakati pe electrode yakanaka uye yakaipa yebheteri inowanzopoteredza 3.7V, uye yakakwirira inogona kusvika 3.8V;

(2) Inoenderana neyakavhurika-circuit voltage ndiyo inoshanda voltage, kureva, iyo voltage yerithium-ion bhatiri munzvimbo inoshanda. Panguva ino, kune ikozvino kuyerera. Nemhaka yokuti kupikisa kwemukati kana ikozvino kuyerera kunofanira kukundwa, simba rekushanda rinogara rakaderera kudarika mhepo yose panguva yemagetsi;

(3) Kupera kwemagetsi: ndiko kuti, bhatiri harifanire kuramba richiburitswa mushure mekuiswa pane chaiyo voltage kukosha, iyo inotarwa nechimiro che lithium-ion bhatiri, kazhinji nekuda kwendiro yekudzivirira, bhatiri voltage kana kubuda kunopera inenge 2.95V;

(4) Yakajairwa voltage: Pamusimboti, iyo yakajairwa voltage inodaidzwa zvakare kuti yakayerwa voltage, iyo inoreva kukosha kunotarisirwa mutsauko unogona kukonzerwa nekuita kwemakemikari kwezvinhu zvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka zvebhatiri. Iyo yakayerwa voltage yerithium-ion bhatiri ndeye 3.7V. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti chiyero chemagetsi ndeye Standard working voltage;

Tichitarisa kubva kumagetsi emabhatiri mana e-lithium-ion ataurwa pamusoro apa, mhepo yebhatiri ye-lithium-ion inobatanidzwa mumamiriro ekushanda ine chiyero chemagetsi uye kushanda kwemagetsi. Mumamiriro asina kushanda, mhepo yebhatiri ye lithium-ion iri pakati pemhepo yakazaruka uye kupera kwemhepo nekuda kwebhatiri ye lithium-ion. Iyo kemikari yekuita yeion bhatiri inogona kushandiswa kakawanda. Naizvozvo, kana iyo voltage yerithium-ion bhatiri iri pakupera voltage, bhatiri rinofanira kubhadharwa. Kana bhatiri risina kubhadharwa kwenguva yakareba, hupenyu hwebheteri huchaderedzwa kana kunyange kuraswa.