Ultra-yakaonda solar masero?

Ultra-yakaonda solar masero?

Ultra-yakaonda solar maseru akagadziridzwa: 2D perovskite makomisheni ane akakodzera zvinhu kupikisa zvinhu zvakakura.

Mainjiniya kuRice University vakawana mabenchmarks matsva mukugadzira atomic-scale matete solar maseru akagadzirwa semiconductor perovskites, achiwedzera kugona kwavo uku vachichengetedza kugona kwavo kumirisana nenharaunda.

Iyo Aditya Mohite rabhoritari yeRice University yeGeorge R Brown Chikoro cheUinjiniya yakawana kuti chiedza chezuva chinodzoreredza nzvimbo iri pakati peatomu yakaturikidzana mune maviri-dimensional perovskite, inokwana kuwedzera photovoltaic kunyatsoshanda kwezvinhu ne18%, inova kufambira mberi nguva nenguva. . Kusvetuka kunoshamisa kwave kuwanikwa mumunda uye kuyerwa muzvikamu.

"Mumakore gumi, kushanda kweperovskite kwakawedzera kubva pa10% kusvika kune 3%," akadaro Mohite. "Mamwe masemiconductors achatora makore angangoita 25 kuti abudirire. Ndosaka tichifara."

Perovskite ikomboni ine cubic lattice uye inokwanisa kuunganidza chiedza. Kugona kwavo kwave kuchizivikanwa kwemakore akawanda, asi vane dambudziko: Vanogona kushandura chiedza chezuva kuva simba, asi chiedza chezuva nehunyoro zvinogona kudzideredza.

"Solar cell tekinoroji inotarisirwa kugara makore makumi maviri kusvika makumi maviri nemashanu," akadaro Mohite, anoshamwaridzana purofesa wemakemikari uye biomolecular engineering uye zvinhu sainzi uye nanoengineering. "Tave tichishanda kwemakore akawanda uye tichiramba tichishandisa perovskites yakakura inoshanda zvikuru asi isina kugadzikana. Kusiyana neizvi, perovskites mbiri-dimensional ine kugadzikana kwakanakisisa asi haikwanisi kuiswa padenga.

"Dambudziko guru nderekuita kuti vashande pasina kukanganisa kugadzikana."
Iwo mainjiniya eRice nevanoshanda navo kubva kuPurdue University neNorthwestern University, Los Alamos, Argonne naBrookhaven veUS Department of Energy National Laboratory, neInstitute of Electronics and Digital Technology (INSA) muRennes, France, nevamwe vavo vakawana kuti mamwe maviri-dimensional perovskites, chiedza chezuva chinonyatso deredza nzvimbo pakati peatomu, kuwedzera kukwanisa kwavo kutakura magetsi emagetsi.

"Takaona kuti paunobatidza zvinhu, unosvina sechipanje uye wounganidza matinji pamwe chete kuti uwedzere kubhadharisa kuendesa kwairi," akadaro Mocht. Vatsvakurudzi vakaona kuti kuisa chidimbu che organic cations pakati pe iodide kumusoro uye inotungamira pazasi inogona kuwedzera kuwirirana pakati pezvikamu.

"Iri basa rakakosha zvikuru pakudzidza kwenyika dzinofara uye quasiparticles, apo imwe nhanho yechaji yakanaka kune imwe, uye mhosva yakaipa iri kune imwe, uye vanogona kutaura kune mumwe nemumwe," akadaro Mocht. "Aya anonzi maexcitons, uye anogona kunge aine akasiyana zvivakwa.

"Izvi zvinoita kuti tinzwisise uye tigadzirise aya ekutanga mwenje-matter kusangana pasina kugadzira yakaoma heterostructures seyakarongedzerwa 2D transition metal dichalcogenides," akadaro.

Vanoshanda navo muFrance vakasimbisa kuyedza nemuenzaniso wekombuta. Jacky Even, Purofesa wePhysics kuINSA, akati: "Iyi tsvakurudzo inopa mukana wakasarudzika wekubatanidza yakanyanya yepamusoro ab initio simulation tekinoroji, tsvakiridzo yezvinhu uchishandisa hukuru hukuru hwenyika synchrotron zvivako, uye in-situ maitiro emasero ezuva ari kushanda. Batanidza. ." "Iri bepa rinotsanangura kwekutanga kuti sei seepage phenomenon inongoerekana yaburitsa iyo yekuchaja ikozvino mune perovskite zvinhu."

Migumisiro miviri inoratidza kuti mushure memaminitsi e10 ekuratidzwa kune simulator yezuva pane simba rezuva, perovskite miviri-dimensional inoderera ne 0.4% pamwe chete nehurefu hwayo uye inenge 1% kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi. Vakaratidza kuti mhedzisiro yacho inogona kuonekwa mukati meminiti 1 pasi pemazuva mashanu ezuva.

"Hazvinzwika seyakawanda, asi kuderera kwe1% kwenzvimbo yelatisi kuchakonzera kuwedzera kukuru kwekuyerera kweelectron," akadaro Li Wenbin, mudzidzi akapedza kudzidza muRice uye munyori anotungamira. "Ongororo yedu inoratidza kuti kufambiswa kwemagetsi kwezvinhu kwakawedzera katatu."

Panguva imwecheteyo, hunhu hwekristaro lattice hunoita kuti zvinhu zvirambe zvichidzikira, kunyangwe zvichipisa kusvika ku80 degrees Celsius (176 degrees Fahrenheit). Vatsvakurudzi vakawanawo kuti lattice inokurumidza kusununguka kudzokera kune yakajairwa gadziriro kana magetsi akadzimwa.

"Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukwezva zve2D perovskites ndechekuti kazhinji vane maatomu ehupenyu anoshanda sezvipingamupinyi zvehunyoro, akadzikama, uye anogadzirisa matambudziko ekufamba kweion," akadaro mudzidzi akapedza kudzidza uye munyori anotungamira Siraj Sidhik. "3D perovskites inowanzoita kusagadzikana kwekupisa uye chiedza, saka vatsvakurudzi vakatanga kuisa zvikamu zve 2D pamusoro pemaperovskites makuru kuti vaone kana vachikwanisa kunyatsoshandisa zvose zviri zviviri.

"Tinofunga, ngatichinjei ku2D toita kuti ishande," akadaro.

Kuona kudzikira kwezvinhu, timu yakashandisa zvivakwa zviviri zveUS Department of Energy (DOE) Hofisi yeSainzi: National Synchrotron Light Source II yeBrookhaven National Laboratory yeUS Department of Energy uye Advanced State Laboratory ye. Dhipatimendi reUS reEnergy's Argonne National Laboratory. Photon Source (APS) Laboratory.

Nyanzvi yefizikisi yeArgonne Joe Strzalka, munyori-munyori webepa, anoshandisa APS's Ultra-inopenya X-rays kutora shanduko diki dzezvimiro mumidziyo munguva chaiyo. Chiridzwa chinonzwisa tsitsi pa8-ID-E yeAPS beamline inobvumira zvidzidzo zve "operational", zvinoreva kuti zvidzidzo zvinoitiswa kana michina ikaita shanduko dzakadzorwa mukupisa kana nharaunda pasi pemamiriro ekushanda. Muchiitiko ichi, Strzalka nevamwe vake vakafumura mafotosensitive material musero rezuva kuti vaedze kupenya kwezuva uku vachichengeta tembiricha isingaperi uye vachiona kudikitira kudiki paatomu.

Sechiyedzo chekudzora, Strzalka nevamwe vake vanyori vakachengeta mukamuri ine rima, vakawedzera tembiricha, uye vakacherekedza mhedzisiro - kuwedzera kwezvinhu. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti chiedza pachacho, kwete kupisa kwachinoita, ndicho chakonzera shanduko.

"Kune shanduko dzakadai, zvakakosha kuita tsvakiridzo yekushanda," akadaro Strzalka. "Sezvinongoita makanika wako anoda kumhanyisa injini yako kuti aone zviri kuitika mairi, isu tinoda kutora vhidhiyo yekutendeuka uku, kwete kamwe kapikicha. Zvishandiso zvakaita seAPS zvinotitendera kuita izvi."

Strzalka akataura kuti APS iri kuita kuvandudzwa kwakakosha kuti iwedzere kupenya kweX-rays yayo kusvika ku500 times. Akataura kuti kana yapera, matanda anopenya uye nekukurumidza, madhigirii akapinza achawedzera kugona kwemasayendisiti kuona shanduko idzi nekunzwa kukuru.

Izvi zvinogona kubatsira timu yeRice kugadzirisa zvinhu kuti zvishande zviri nani. "Tiri kugadzira cations uye mainterfaces kuti tibudirire zvinodarika makumi maviri muzana," akadaro Sidhik. "Izvi zvichachinja zvinhu zvose mumunda we perovskite nokuti ipapo vanhu vachatanga kushandisa 20D perovskite ye 2D perovskite / silicon uye 2D / 2D perovskite series, iyo inogona kuunza kushanda zvakanaka pedyo ne3%.