Hong Kong CityU EES: Flexible lithium-ion bhatiri rakafuridzirwa nemajoini evanhu

Kutsvagisa kumashure

Kuwedzera kuri kudiwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi kwakasimudzira kukurumidza kuvandudzwa kwemidziyo inochinjika uye yakakwirira-simba-density yekuchengetedza michina mumakore achangopfuura. Flexible lithium ion mabhatiri (LIBs) ine simba rakanyanya density uye yakagadzikana mashandiro emagetsi anoonekwa seyakanyanya kuvimbisa bhatiri tekinoroji yezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinopfekwa. Kunyangwe kushandiswa kwemaelectrodes efirimu-mutete uye mapolymer-based electrodes achivandudza kuchinjika kweLIBs, pane zvinotevera matambudziko:

(1) Mabhatiri mazhinji anochinjika akaturikidzwa ne "negative electrode-separator-positive electrode," uye kushomeka kwavo kuderera uye kutsvedza pakati pematanho akawanda anodzora kuita kwese kweLIBs;

(2) Pasi pemamwe mamiriro akanyanya kuoma, sekupeta, kutambanudza, kupeta, uye kwakaoma deformation, haigone kuvimbisa kushanda kwebhatiri;

(3) Chikamu chechirongwa chekugadzira chinoregeredza deformation yezvino muunganidzi wesimbi.

Naizvozvo, panguva imwe chete kuwana kwayo kupeta kona kudiki, akawanda deformation modes, yepamusoro mekiniki kusimba, uye yakakwira simba density ichiri kutarisana nematambudziko mazhinji.

ziviso

Munguva ichangopfuura, Purofesa Chunyi Zhi naDr. Cuiping Han veCity University yeHong Kong vakabudisa bepa rine musoro unoti "Human joint inspired structural design for bendable/foldable/stretchable/twistable battery: achievebility multiple deformability" paEnergy Environ. Sci. Iri basa rakafemerwa nekuumbwa kwemajoini evanhu uye rakagadzira rudzi rwemaLIB anochinjika akafanana nehurongwa hwekubatana. Kubva pane ino dhizaini, bhatiri rakagadzirirwa, rinochinjika rinogona kuwana yakakwira simba density uye kukotama kana kupetwa pa180 °. Panguva imwecheteyo, chimiro chechimiro chinogona kushandurwa kuburikidza nenzira dzakasiyana dzemamhepo kuitira kuti maLIB anochinjika ave nehupfumi hwekuchinja masimba, anogona kuiswa kune akanyanya kuomarara uye akaoma deformations (kupeta nekumonyoroka), uye anogona kunyange kutambanudzwa, uye kugona kwavo deformation. kure kupfuura mishumo yapfuura yeanoshanduka maLIBs. Finite element simulation ongororo yakasimbisa kuti bhatiri rakagadzirwa mubepa rino raisazochinjika dhizaini yepurasitiki yemuunganidzi wesimbi wazvino pasi pekukanganisa kwakasiyana uye kwakaoma. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yakaunganidzwa square unit bhatiri inokwanisa kuwana simba density inosvika 371.9 Wh/L, inova 92.9% yeyechinyakare soft pack bhatiri. Uye zvakare, inogona kuchengetedza yakagadzikana kutenderera kuita kunyangwe mushure menguva dzinopfuura 200,000 dzekukotama zvine simba uye 25,000 nguva dzekukanganisa kwakasimba.

Imwe tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti iyo yakaunganidzwa cylindrical unit cell inogona kumira zvakanyanya uye yakaoma deformation. Mushure meanopfuura 100,000 dynamic kutambanudza, 20,000 twists, uye 100,000 bending deformations, inogona kuramba ichiwana yakakwirira yepamusoro inopfuura 88% -yero yekuchengetedza. Naizvozvo, iwo maLIB anochinjika anotsanangurwa mubepa rino anopa tarisiro huru yezvishandiso zvinoshanda mumagetsi anopfekeka.

Kutsvakurudza kwakajeka

1) Flexible LIBs, inofemerwa nemajoini evanhu, inogona kuchengetedza yakagadzikana kutenderera kwekuita pasi pekukotama, kumonyorora, kutambanudza, uye mhepo deformation;

(2) Iine square flexible bhatiri, inokwanisa kuwana simba remagetsi rinosvika 371.9 Wh/L, inova 92.9% yebhatiri rekare rakapfava;

(3) Nzira dzakasiyana dzekupeta dzinogona kushandura chimiro chebhatiri stack uye kupa bhatiri kukwana deformability.

Graphic guide

Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti, pamusoro pekuona yakakwira vhoriyamu simba density uye yakanyanya kuomarara deformation, iyo dhizaini dhizaini inofanirawo kudzivirira deformation yepurasitiki yemuunganidzi aripo. Iyo inogumira chinhu simulation inoratidza kuti yakanakisa nzira yemuunganidzi yazvino inofanirwa kunge iri yekudzivirira iyezvino muunganidzi kubva pakuita diki yekukotama radius panguva yekukotama maitiro kudzivirira deformation yepurasitiki uye kukuvara kusingadzoreki kwemuunganidzi aripo.

Mufananidzo 1a unoratidza kuumbwa kwemajoini emunhu, umo dhizaini yakakura zvine hungwaru yakakombama inobatsira majoini kutenderera zvakanaka. Kubva pane izvi, Mufananidzo 1b unoratidza yakajairika graphite anode/diaphragm/lithium cobaltate (LCO) anode, inogona kukuvadzwa kuita sikweya gobvu stack chimiro. Pakusangana, ine maviri akakora akaomarara mastacks uye chikamu chinochinjika. Zvinotonyanya kukosha, iyo gobvu stack ine yakakomberedzwa pamusoro yakaenzana neiyo yejoint bhonzo chivharo, iyo inobatsira buffer pressure uye inopa iyo yekutanga kugona kwebhatiri rinoshanduka. Iyo elastic chikamu chinoita senge ligament, inobatanidza mirwi yakakora uye inopa kuchinjika (Mufananidzo 1c). Mukuwedzera kune kuputika mumurwi wekona, mabhatiri ane cylindrical kana triangular masero anogonawo kugadzirwa nekushandura nzira yekufambisa (Mufananidzo 1d). Kune anochinjika maLIB ane masikweya ekuchengetedza simba mayuniti, zvikamu zvakabatana zvinotenderedza pamwe nearc-yakaumbwa pamusoro peiyo gobvu stack panguva yekukotama maitiro (Mufananidzo 1e), nokudaro zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya kuwanda kwesimba rebhatiri rinoshanduka. Pamusoro pezvo, kuburikidza nelastic polymer encapsulation, anochinjika maLIB ane cylindrical mauniti anogona kuwana anotambanuka uye anochinjika zvivakwa (Mufananidzo 1f).

Mufananidzo 1 (a) Dhizaini yeakasarudzika ligament yekubatanidza uye curved surface yakakosha kuti uwane kuchinjika; (b) Schematic dhizaini yeinochinjika bhatiri chimiro uye maitiro ekugadzira; (c) pfupa rinoenderana neyakakora electrode stack, uye ligament inoenderana neyakavhurwa (D) Flexible bhatiri chimiro ne cylindrical uye triangular masero; (e) Kurongedza dhiyabhorosi dhiyagiramu yemaseru maseru; (f) Kutambanudza deformation ye cylindrical masero.

Kuwedzera kushandiswa kwe mechanical simulation analysis yakasimbisa kugadzikana kwekugadzirisa bhatiri chimiro. Mufananidzo 2a unoratidza kushushikana kwekugovaniswa kwemhangura nealuminium foil kana yakakotamira mucylinder (180 ° radian). Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti kushushikana kwemhangura nealuminium foil kwakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura simba ravo regoho, zvichiratidza kuti deformation iyi haizokonzeri kushanduka kwepurasitiki. Ikozvino simbi inounganidzira inogona kudzivirira kukuvara kusingadzoreki.

Mufananidzo 2b unoratidza kugovera kwekushushikana kana dhigirii rekukotama richiwedzera kuwedzera, uye kushushikana kwemhangura foil nealuminium foil zvakare kushoma pane yavo inowirirana goho simba. Naizvozvo, iyo dhizaini inogona kumira kupeta deformation uku ichichengetedza kusimba kwakanaka. Pamusoro pekukotama deformation, sisitimu inogona kuwana imwe dhigirii yekukanganisa (Mufananidzo 2c).

Kune mabhatiri ane cylindrical mayunitsi, nekuda kwehunhu hwemasikirwo edenderedzwa, inogona kuwana yakanyanya kuomarara uye yakaoma deformation. Nokudaro, apo bhatiri rinopetwa kusvika ku180o (Mufananidzo 2d, e), yakatambanudzwa kusvika ku140% yehurefu hwepakutanga (Mufananidzo 2f), uye yakamonyoroka kusvika ku90o (Mufananidzo 2g), inogona kuchengetedza kugadzikana kwemagetsi. Pamusoro pezvo, kana kupeta + kumonyorora uye kupeta deformation kuchiiswa zvakasiyana, iyo yakagadzirirwa LIBs chimiro hachizokonzeresa kusachinjika kwepurasitiki deformation yemuunganidzi wesimbi wazvino pasi pekukanganisa kwakasiyana kwakaoma uye kwakaoma.

Mufananidzo 2 (ac) Finite element simulation mhedzisiro yeskweya sero pasi pekupeta, kupeta, uye kumonyoroka; (di) Finite element simulation mhedzisiro yecylindrical cell pasi pekupeta, kupeta, kutambanudza, kupeta, kukotama + kupeta uye kupeta.

Kuongorora mashandiro e electrochemical yebhatiri rakagadzirwa rinochinjika, LiCoO2 yakashandiswa secathode zvinhu kuyedza kubuda uye kugadzikana kwekutenderera. Sezvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 3a, simba rekubuda kwebhatiri rine masero akaenzana harina kunyanya kuderedzwa mushure mokunge ndege yakanganiswa kukotama, kurira, kupeta, uye kupeta pa 1 C magnification, zvinoreva kuti mechanical deformation haizokonzeri kugadzirwa kwe bhatiri rinoshanduka kuti rive electrochemically Performance inodonha. Kunyangwe mushure mekukotama kwakasimba (Mufananidzo 3c, d) uye torsion ine simba (Mufananidzo 3e, f), uye mushure meimwe nhamba yezvitenderera, chikuva chekuchaja uye kuburitsa uye kuita kwenguva refu-kutenderera hakuna shanduko inooneka, zvinoreva kuti chimiro chemukati bhatiri rakachengetedzwa zvakanaka.

Mufananidzo 3 (a) Kuchaja uye kuburitsa bvunzo yesquare unit bhatiri pasi pe1C; (b) Kuchaja uye kuburitsa curve pasi pemamiriro akasiyana; (c, d) Pasi pesimba rekukotama, bhatiri kutenderera kuita uye inowirirana charge uye discharge curve; (e, f) Pasi pe dynamic torsion, kuita kutenderera kwebhatiri uye inoenderana nekuchaja-kuburitsa curve pasi pemaseiri akasiyana.

Mhedzisiro yekuongorora mhedzisiro inoratidza kuti nekuda kwehunhu hwedenderedzwa, iwo anochinjika maLIB ane cylindrical zvinhu anogona kumira zvakanyanya uye akaomarara deformation. Nokudaro, kuratidza kushandiswa kwe electrochemical kweiyo flexible LIBs ye cylindrical unit, muedzo wakaitwa pamwero we 1 C, iyo yakaratidza kuti kana bhatiri inopinda zvakasiyana-siyana, pane inenge isina kuchinja mukushanda kwe electrochemical. Iyo deformation haizokonzeri kuti voltage curve ichinje (Mufananidzo 4a, b).

Kuti uwedzere kuongorora cylindrical battery's electrochemical stability uye mechanical durability, yakaisa bhatiri kune simba rekuita automated load test pachiyero che 1 C. Kutsvakurudza kunoratidza kuti mushure mekugadzirisa kutambanudza (Mufananidzo 4c, d), dynamic torsion (Mufananidzo 4e, f) , uye dynamic bending + torsion (Mufananidzo 4g, h), bhatiri yekuchaja-discharge cycle performance uye inopindirana voltage curve haina kukanganiswa. Mufananidzo 4i unoratidza kushanda kwebhatiri rine ruvara rwekuchengetedza simba unit. Iyo yekuburitsa simba inoora kubva pa133.3 mAm g-1 kusvika 129.9 mAh g-1, uye kurasikirwa kwesimba pairi kutenderera kunongova 0.04%, zvichiratidza kuti deformation haizokanganisa kutenderera kwayo uye kugona kwekuburitsa.

Mufananidzo 4 (a) Kuchaja uye kuburitsa cycle bvunzo yezvakasiyana zvigadziriso zve cylindrical masero pa1 C; (b) Chaji inoenderana uye yekuburitsa macurves ebhatiri pasi pemamiriro akasiyana; (c, d) Cycle performance uye kuchaja bhatiri pasi pesimba remagetsi Discharge curve; (e, f) kutenderera kuita kwebhatiri pasi pesimba re torsion uye inoenderana yekuchaja-kuburitsa curve pasi pematenderedzwa akasiyana; (g, h) kutenderera kuita kwebhatiri pasi pesimba rekukotama + torsion uye inoenderana yekuchaja-kuburitsa curve pasi pematenderedzwa akasiyana; (I) Chaja uye yekuburitsa bvunzo yeprismatic unit mabhatiri ane akasiyana masisitimu pa1 C.

Kuti aongorore mashandisirwo ebhatiri rakagadziridzwa rakagadzirwa mukuita, munyori anoshandisa mabhatiri akazara ane marudzi akasiyana emagetsi ekuchengetedza magetsi kuti ape simba zvimwe zvekutengesa zvemagetsi zvigadzirwa, senge mahedhifoni, smartwatches, mini electric mafeni, cosmetic zviridzwa, uye smart phones. Ose ari maviri akakwana kushandiswa kwemazuva ese, anosanganisira zvizere kugona kwekushandisa kweakasiyana anochinjika uye anopfeka zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

Mufananidzo 5 unoshandisa bhatiri rakagadzirwa kune mahedhifoni, smartwatches, mini electric fan, cosmetic equipment, uye smartphones. Bhatiri rinochinjika rinopa simba re (a) maearphone, (b) smartwatches, uye (c) mini mafeni emagetsi; (d) inopa simba remidziyo yekuzora; (e) pasi pemamiriro akasiyana ekuchinja, bhatiri rinochinjika rinopa simba kune smartphones.

Pfupiso uye maonero

Mukupfupisa, chinyorwa ichi chakafemerwa nekuumbwa kwemajoini evanhu. Iyo inopa yakasarudzika nzira yekugadzira yekugadzira bhatiri rinochinjika rine yakakwira simba density, yakawanda deformability, uye kusimba. Kuenzaniswa neyechinyakare inochinjika LIBs, iyi nyowani dhizaini inogona kunyatso kudzivirira deformation yepurasitiki yemuunganidzi simbi iripo. Panguva imwecheteyo, nzvimbo dzakakomberedzwa dzakachengetwa kumativi ose emagetsi ekuchengetedza simba akagadzirwa mupepa rino anogona kunyatsogadzirisa kushushikana kwenzvimbo yezvikamu zvakabatana. Mukuwedzera, nzira dzakasiyana dzemhepo dzinogona kushandura chimiro che stack, ichipa bhatiri kukwana kukwana. Bhatiri rinochinjika rinoratidza kugadzikana kwakanakisa kutenderera uye kusimba kwemakina nekuda kweiyo novel dhizaini uye ine yakakura tarisiro yekushandisa mune dzakasiyana siyana zvinochinjika uye zvinopfekeka zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.

Literature link

Munhu akabatana-akafuridzirwa dhizaini yekugadzira inobhenda/inopeteka/inotambanuka/inotenderedzwa bhatiri: kuwana kuremara kwakawanda. (Energy Environ. Sci., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/D1EE00480H)