Kuzarura Chakavanzika: Super Theoretical Capacity muLithium-Ion Mabhatiri

Nei lithium bhatiri iripo yepamusoro theoretical kugona phenomenon

Mumabhatiri e-lithium-ion (LIBs), akawanda ekuchinja simbi oxide-based electrode anoratidza zvisingaite yakakwira yekuchengetedza inodarika kukosha kwayo kwedzidziso. Kunyange zvazvo chiitiko ichi chave chichitaurwa zvakanyanya, maitiro ekugadzirisa physicochemical muzvinhu izvi zvinoramba zvisinganzwisisiki uye zvinoramba zviri nyaya yekukakavadzana.

Mbiri yezvabuda

Nguva pfupi yadarika, Muzvinafundo Miao Guoxing kubva kuUniversity yeWaterloo, Canada, Muzvinafundo Yu Guihua kubva kuYunivhesiti yeTexas kuAustin, uye Li Hongsen naLi Qiang vekuQingdao University vakabatana vakaburitsa bepa rekutsvagisa pamusoro peZvinhu zveMasikirwo pasi pemusoro wekuti “Kuwedzera kuchengetedza simba mu shanduko yesimbi oxide lithium-ion mabhatiri anoratidzwa ne in situ magnetometry". Mubhuku iri, vanyori vakashandisa in situ magnetic monitoring kuratidza kuvapo kwesimba rakasimba repamusoro capacitance pasimbi nanoparticles uye kuti nhamba huru ye-spin-polarized electrons inogona kuchengetwa mune yakatoderedzwa simbi nanoparticles, iyo inowirirana ne spatial charge mechanism. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo yakazarurwa yenzvimbo yekuchaja meshini inogona kukwidziridzwa kune mamwe ekuchinja simbi komisheni, ichipa yakakosha gwara rekugadzwa kwemasisitimu ekuchengetedza simba.

Kutsvakurudza kwakajeka

(1) Yakajairika Fe yakadzidzwa nekushandisa in-situ magineti yekutarisa nzira3O4/ Evolution yemagetsi chimiro mukati meLi bhatiri;

(2) inoratidza kuti Fe3O4In the / Li system, iyo yepamusoro yekuchaja huwandu ndiyo sosi yekuwedzera huwandu;

(3) The surface capacitance mechanism yesimbi nanoparticles inogona kuwedzerwa kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuchinja kwesimbi.

Chinyorwa uye chinyorwa chinyorwa

1. Structural characterization uye electrochemical properties

Monodisperse hollow Fe yakagadzirwa neyakajairwa hydrothermal nzira3O4Nanospheres, ndokuzoitwa pa 100 mAg-1Charge uye kuburitsa pa density yazvino (Mufananidzo 1a), yekutanga kubuda simba i1718 mAh g−1, 1370 mAhg mune yechipiri neyechitatu nguva. 1Uye 1,364 mAhg−1, Kure pamusoro pe926 mAhg−1Pfungwa yezvinotarisirwa. Mifananidzo yeBF-STEM yechigadzirwa chakazara (Mufananidzo 1b-c) inoratidza kuti mushure mekuderedza lithium, Fe3O4The nanospheres yakashandurwa kuita maduku maFe nanoparticles anoyera anenge 1 - 3 nm, akapararira muLi2O centre.

Kuti uratidze shanduko yemagnetism panguva ye electrochemical cycle, magnetization curve mushure mekubuda kwakazara kusvika ku 0.01 V yakawanikwa (Mufananidzo 1d), ichiratidza maitiro epamusoro-soro nekuda kwekuumbwa kwe nanoparticles.

Mufananidzo 1 (a) pa 100 mAg-1Fe yebhasikoro pazvino density3O4 / Constant current charge uye discharge curve yeLi bhatiri; (b) zvakakwana lithium Fe3O4Iyo BF-STEM mufananidzo we electrode; (c) kuvapo kwaLi mune aggregate2High-resolution BF-STEM mifananidzo yeO uye Fe; (d) Fe3O4Iyo hysteresis curves ye electrode isati (yakasviba) uye shure (yebhuruu), uye Langevin yakarongedzwa curve yekupedzisira (yepepuru).

2. Real-time yekuona kwemaitiro uye magineti evolution

Kuti ubatanidze electrochemistry neFe3O4Of structural and magnetic changes linked to Fe3O4Ma Electrodes akaiswa in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) uye in situ magnetic monitoring. Fe munhevedzano yeXRD diffraction mapatani panguva yekutanga kubuda kubva kuvhuvhu-circuit voltage (OCV) kuenda ku1.2V3O4Iyo diffraction peaks haina kuchinja zvakanyanya mune chero kusimba kana chinzvimbo (Mufananidzo 2a), zvichiratidza kuti Fe3O4Only yakasangana neLi intercalation process. Kana yachajirwa ku3V, iyo Fe3O4Iyo anti-spinel chimiro inoramba yakasimba, zvichiratidza kuti maitiro ari muhwindo iri remagetsi anodzokororwa zvakanyanya. Imwezve in-situ magineti yekutarisa yakasanganiswa neanogara iripo yekuchaja-kuburitsa bvunzo yakaitwa kuti iongorore kuti magnetization inoshanduka sei munguva chaiyo (Mufananidzo 2b).

Mufananidzo 2 Hunhu hwe-in-situ XRD uye magineti monitoring.(A) in situ XRD; (b) Fe3O4Electrochemical charge-discharge curve pasi pe3 T yakashandisa magineti uye inoenderana inodzoreredzwa mu situ magineti mhinduro.

Kuti uwane kunzwisisa kwakanyanya kweiyi nzira yekushandura maererano nekuchinja kwemagnetization, mhinduro yemagineti inounganidzwa munguva chaiyo uye inopindirana yechikamu shanduko inoperekedza electrochemically inofambiswa maitiro (Mufananidzo 3). Zvinonyatsojeka kuti panguva yekutanga kubuda, iyo Fe3O4Iyo magnetization mhinduro yemagetsi inosiyana kubva kune mamwe mavhiri nekuda kweFe panguva yekutanga lithalization3O4Nekuda kwechikamu chisingachinjike shanduko inoitika. Kana iyo inogona kudonha kusvika ku0.78V, iyo Fe3O4The antispinel phase yakashandurwa kuti iite Li2The class FeO halite chimiro cheO, Fe3O4Chikamu hachigone kudzoserwa mushure mekuchaja. Saizvozvo, iyo magnetization inodonha nekukurumidza kusvika 0.482 μ b Fe-1. Sezvo lithialization ichienderera mberi, hapana chikamu chitsva chakaumbwa, uye kusimba kwe (200) uye (220) kirasi FeO diffraction peaks yakatanga kupera simba.yakaenzana Fe3O4Hapana chakakosha XRD peak yakachengetwa apo electrode yakanyatsogadziriswa (Mufananidzo 3a). Ziva kuti kana iyo Fe3O4 electrode inobuda kubva ku0.78V kuenda ku0.45V, iyo magnetization (kubva 0.482 μ b Fe-1 Yakawedzera kusvika 1.266 μ bFe-1), Izvi zvakaverengerwa kutendeuka kuita kubva kuFeO kuenda kuFe. Zvadaro, pakupera kwekubudiswa, magnetization yakaderera zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika 1.132 μ B Fe-1. Kuwana uku kunoratidza kuti iyo simbi yakaderedzwa zvizere Fe0Nanoparticles inogona kuramba ichitora chikamu muiyo lithium yekuchengetedza maitiro, nekudaro ichidzikisa magineti emagetsi.

Mufananidzo 3 In situ kucherechedzwa kwechikamu chekuchinja uye mhinduro yemagineti. (a) Fe3O4In situ XRD mepu yakaunganidzwa panguva yekutanga kubuda kwe electrode; (b) Fe3O4In situ magineti simba kuyerwa kwe electrochemical kutenderera kwe/Li masero panzvimbo yakashandiswa yemagineti ye3 T.

3. Fe0/Li2Surface capacitance yeO system

Fe3O4Kuchinja kwemagineti emaelectrode kunoitika pakadzika dzika, apo imwe yekuwedzera electrochemical inokwanisa kugadzirwa, zvichiratidza kuvepo kwezvisina kuwanikwa zvinochaja zvinotakura mukati mesero. Kuti uongorore zvingangoitika zvekuchengetedza lithium, Fe yakadzidzwa nenzira yeXPS, STEM uye magnetic performance spectrum3O4Electrodes yemagnetization peaks pa 0.01V,0.45V uye 1.4V kuti ione kwakabva shanduko yemagineti. Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti nguva yemagineti chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa shanduko yemagineti, nekuti yakayerwa Fe0/Li2Iyo Ms yeO system haina kukanganiswa neiyo magineti anisotropy uye interparticle coupling.

Kuti uwedzere kunzwisisa iyo Fe3O4Iyo kinetic zvimiro zvemagetsi pa low voltage, cyclic voltammetry pamhando dzakasiyana dze scan. Sezvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 4a, rectangular cyclic voltammogram curve inoonekwa mukati meiyo voltage renji pakati pe0.01V uye 1V (Mufananidzo 4a). Mufananidzo 4b unoratidza kuti Fe3O4A capacitive mhinduro yakaitika pa electrode. Iine yakanyanya kudzoserwa magineti mhinduro yeinogara iripo yekuchaja uye yekuburitsa maitiro (Mufananidzo 4c), iyo magnetization ye electrode yakadzikira kubva pa1V kuenda ku0.01V panguva yekuburitsa, uye yakawedzera zvakare panguva yekuchaja, zvichiratidza kuti Fe0Of iyo capacitor-yakafanana. surface reaction is very reversible.

Mufananidzo 4 electrochemical properties uye in situ magnetic characterization pa 0.011 V. (A) The cyclic voltammetric curve.(B) kukosha kweb kunotarirwa kushandisa kuwirirana pakati peak current uye scan rate; (c) shanduko inodzoreredzwa yemagnetization ine hukama nechaji-kuburitsa curve pasi pe5 T yakashandiswa magineti.

yataurwa pamusoro Fe3O4Iyo electrochemical, structural uye magnetic features of the electrodes inoratidza kuti kuwedzera kwebhatiri kukwanisa kunotarirwa neFe0The spin-polarized surface capacitance ye nanoparticles inokonzerwa nekuchinja kwemagineti kunofambidzana. Iyo spin-polarized capacitance ndeye mhedzisiro ye spin-polarized charge kuunganidza pane iyo interface uye inogona kuratidza mhinduro yemagineti panguva yekuchaja uye kubuda.to Fe3O4Iyo base electrode, panguva yekutanga kubuda, yakaparadzirwa muLi2Fine Fe nanoparticles muO substrate ine. mahombe epamusoro-kusvika-vhoriyamu reshiyo uye kuona kuwanda kwematunhu padanho reFermi nekuda kwenzvimbo dzakanyanya d orbitals. Zvinoenderana neiyo Maier's theoretical modhi yekuchengetera nzvimbo yekuchaja, vanyori vanokurudzira kuti maerekitironi akawanda anogona kuchengetwa mumabhendi anotsemuka esimbi Fe nanoparticles, inogona kuwanikwa muFe / Li2Kugadzira spin-polarized surface capacitors muO nanocomposites ( Mufananidzo 5).

girafu 5Fe/Li2A Schematic inomiririra kugona kwepamusoro pemaerekitironi akatenderera paO-interface. (A) dhiyagiramu yechirongwa che spin polarization state density yenzvimbo yeferromagnetic metal particles (isati yabuda uye yabuda), zvinopesana ne iyo yakawanda spin polarization yesimbi; (b) kuumbwa kwenzvimbo yekuchaja dunhu mune yepamusoro capacitor modhi yeyakawandisa lithium.

Pfupiso uye Outlook

TM / Li yakaongororwa neyepamberi in-situ magineti yekutarisisa2Kushanduka kwemukati memagetsi chimiro cheO nanocomposite kuratidza kwainobva imwe yekuwedzera kuchengetedza kweiyi lithium-ion bhatiri. Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti, zvose zviri muFe3O4 / Li model cell system, electrochemically yakaderedzwa Fe nanoparticles inogona kuchengeta yakawanda ye-spin-polarized electrons, zvichiguma nekuda kwekuwanda kwesero simba uye zvakanyanya kuchinjwa interfacial magnetism. Miedzo yakasimbisazve CoO, NiO, uye FeF2Uye Fe2Kuvapo kwesimba rakadaro muN electrode zvinhu kunoratidza kuvepo kwe spin-polarized surface capacitance yesimbi nanoparticles mumabhatiri e lithium ion uye inoisa hwaro hwekushandiswa kweiyi spatial charge storage mechanism mune imwe shanduko. metal compound-based electrode zvinhu.

Literature link

Yekuwedzera yekuchengetedza simba mukuchinja simbi oxide lithium-ion mabhatiri anoburitswa ne in situ magnetometry (Zvinhu Zvishandiso, 2020, DOI: 10.1038 / s41563-020-0756-y)

Iko pesvedzero yelithium electrode wafer dhizaini fomula uye electrode wafer kukanganisa pakuita

1. Pole firimu dhizaini nheyo chinyorwa

Iyo lithium bhatiri electrode ijasi rinoumbwa nezvimedu, zvakaenzana rinoiswa kumvura yesimbi. Lithium ion bhatiri electrode coating inogona kutariswa sechinhu chakaumbwa, chinonyanya kuumbwa nezvikamu zvitatu:

(1) Active substance particles;

(2) chikamu chinoumba che conductive agent uye mumiririri (carbon adhesive phase);

(3) Pore, zadza ne electrolyte.

Hukama hwevhoriyamu hwechikamu chimwe nechimwe hunoratidzwa se:

Porosity + chipenyu chinhu vhoriyamu chikamu + kabhoni inonamira chikamu vhoriyamu chikamu =1

Dhizaini yelithium bhatiri electrode dhizaini yakakosha, uye ikozvino ruzivo rwekutanga rwe lithium bhatiri electrode dhizaini inounzwa muchidimbu.

(1) Theoretical kugona kweiyo electrode zvinhu Iyo theoretical kugona kweiyo electrode zvinhu, ndiko kuti, kugona kwakapihwa neese lithium ion muzvinhu zvinosanganisirwa mu electrochemical reaction, kukosha kwayo kunoverengerwa neinotevera equation:

Semuyenzaniso, iyo LiFePO4Iyo molar mass i 157.756 g/mol, uye kugona kwayo kwedzidziso ndeiyi:

Iyi kukosha yakaverengerwa ingori theoretical giramu kugona. Kuti uve nechokwadi chekudzoreredzwa kwechimiro chechinhu, iyo chaiyo lithium ion yekubvisa coefficient isingasviki 1, uye iyo chaiyo giramu kugona kwezvinhu ndeiyi:

Chaiyo giramu kugona kwezvinhu = theoretical kugona kwe lithium ion unplugging coefficient

(2) Battery dhizaini simba uye yakanyanyisa-sided density Battery dhizaini dhizaini inogona kuverengerwa neinotevera fomula: bhatiri dhizaini kugona = coating pamusoro density inoshanda zvinhu reshiyo inoshanda giremu danda danda rekupotera nzvimbo.

Pakati pavo, iyo yepamusoro density yejasi ndiyo yakakosha dhizaini parameter. Kana compaction density isina kuchinjika, kuwedzera kweiyo coating surface density kunoreva kuti danda repango rinowedzera, kureba kwemaerekitironi kunowedzera, uye kuramba kweerekitironi kunowedzera, asi dhigirii yekuwedzera ishoma. Mune iro gobvu electrode sheet, kuwedzera kweiyo migration impedance ye lithium ions mu electrolyte ndicho chikonzero chikuru chinokanganisa reshiyo maitiro. Tichifunga nezve porosity uye pore twists, kureba kwekutama kweiyoni mu pore kwakapetwa kakawanda kupfuura ukobvu hwedanda.

(3) Chiyero cheyega-chakanaka simba reshiyo N / P isina kunaka kugona kune yakanaka kugona inotsanangurwa se:

N / P inofanira kuva yakakura kudarika 1.0, kazhinji 1.04 ~ 1.20, iyo inonyanya mukuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza, kudzivirira rutivi rwakashata rwe lithium ion kubva pakunaya pasina kugamuchirwa, dhizaini yekufunga nezve hurongwa hwekuita, senge coating kutsauka. Nekudaro, kana N / P yakakurisa, bhatiri rinorasikirwa nehukuru husingadzokerike, zvichikonzera kushomeka kwebhatiri uye kuderera kwesimba rebhatiri.

Kune iyo lithium titanate anode, iyo yakanaka electrode yakawandisa dhizaini inogamuchirwa, uye huwandu hwebhatiri hunotarirwa nekugona kwe lithium titanate anode. Iyo yakanaka yakawandisa dhizaini inobatsira kuvandudza tembiricha yekuita kwebhatiri: iyo yakanyanya tembiricha gasi inowanzobva kune yakaipa electrode. Mune yakanaka yakawandisa dhizaini, iyo yakaipa mukana yakaderera, uye zviri nyore kugadzira SEI firimu pamusoro pe lithium titanate.

(4) Compaction density uye porosity yekuputira Mukugadzira nzira, iyo yekuputira compaction density yebhatiri electrode inoverengerwa neinotevera formula. Tichifunga kuti kana pepa remapuranga rinopetwa, simbi yesimbi inowedzerwa, kukwirira kwepamusoro kwechifukidzo mushure mokunge roller inoverengwa nemaitiro anotevera.

Sezvambotaurwa, iyo yekupfekedza ine yehupenyu hwezvinhu chikamu, kabhoni inonamira chikamu uye pore, uye iyo porosity inogona kuverengerwa neinotevera equation.

Pakati pazvo, avhareji yehuputi hwehuputi ndeye: lithium bhatiri electrode imhando yehupfu hwehupfu hwehuputi, nekuti hupfu hwehupfu hwepamusoro hwakakasharara, husina kurongeka, kana huchiungana, zvidimbu pakati pezvimedu uye zvidimbu, uye zvimwe zvimedu pachazvo zvine kuputika uye pores, saka hupfu hwehupfu hunosanganisira hupfu hwehupfu, pores pakati pehupfu zvidimbu uye zvimedu, saka, iyo inoenderana siyana ye electrode coating density uye porosity inomiririra. Kuwanda kwezvimedu zvehupfu zvinoreva kuwanda kwehupfu pahuwandu hweyuniti. Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwehupfu, yakakamurwa kuita marudzi matatu: density yechokwadi, particle density uye accumulation density. Izvo zvakasiyana-siyana density zvinotsanangurwa sezvizvi:

1. Density yechokwadi ( True density) inoreva kukorana kunowanikwa nekupatsanura hupfu huzhinji nevhoriyamu (vhoriyamu chaiyo) tisingasanganisire maburi emukati nekunze ezvimedu. Ndiko kuti, kuwanda kwenyaya yacho pachayo yakawanikwa mushure mekusabvisa huwandu hwevose voids.
2. Mutsara (Paticle density) zvinoreva kukorana kwezvimedu zvinowanikwa nekupatsanura hupfu hwakapatsanurwa nevhoriyamu yehupamhi hunosanganisira buri rakashama negomba rakavharika. Ndiko kuti, mukaha pakati pezvimedu, asi kwete mapores akanaka mukati mezvikamu, kuwanda kwezvimedu ivo pachavo.
3. Accumulation density, kureva kuti coating density, zvinoreva density inowanikwa nehupfu yakakamurwa nehuwandu hwehupfu hwakaumbwa nehupfu. Izwi rinoshandiswa rinosanganisira pores ezvimedu pachavo uye voids pakati pezvimedu.

Kune imwechete yehupfu, yechokwadi density> particle density> kurongedza density. Iyo porosity yehupfu ndiyo chiyero chepores muhupfu hwehupfu hwekuputira, kureva, chiyero chehuwandu hwehupfu pakati pehupfu hwehupfu uye pores dzezvikamu kusvika kuhuwandu hwehuputi, iyo inowanzoratidzwa. sechikamu. Iyo porosity yehupfu inzvimbo yakazara ine chekuita nechidimbu morphology, chimiro chepamusoro, saizi yechidimbu uye kugovera saizi. Iyo porosity inobata zvakananga kupinza kwe electrolyte uye lithium ion kutapurirana. Kazhinji, iyo yakakura porosity, zviri nyore kupinda kwe electrolyte, uye nekukurumidza kutapurirana kwe lithium ion. Nokudaro, mukugadzirwa kwe lithium battery, dzimwe nguva kuona porosity, inowanzoshandiswa mercury pressure method, gas adsorption method, etc. Inogonawo kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekushandisa density calculation. Iyo porosity inogona zvakare kuve nezvainoreva zvakasiyana kana uchishandisa akasiyana density pakuverenga. Kana density ye porosity yechinhu chipenyu, conductive agent ne binder zvichiverengwa ne true density, porosity yakaverengwa inosanganisira mukaha uripo pakati pezvimedu nemukaha mukati mezvimedu. Kana porosity yechinhu chipenyu, conductive agent uye binder ichiverengwa ne particle density, porosity yakaverengwa inosanganisira mukaha uripo pakati pezvimedu, asi kwete mukaha mukati mezvimedu. Naizvozvo, saizi yepore yerithium bhatiri electrode sheet zvakare yakawanda-scale, kazhinji mukaha pakati pezvimedu uri muhukuru hwe micron, nepo gaka riri mukati mezvimedu riri mu nanometer kune sub-submicron chiyero. Mune porous electrode, hukama hwekutakura zvinhu senge inoshanda diffusivity uye conductivity inogona kuratidzwa neinotevera equation:

Apo D0 inomiririra intrinsic diffusion (conduction) chiyero chezvinyorwa pachazvo, ε chikamu chevhoriyamu chechikamu chinoenderana, uye τ ndiyo inotenderera curvature yechikamu chinoenderana. Mune iyo macroscopic homogeneous modhi, hukama hweBruggeman hunowanzo shandiswa, kutora coefficient ɑ = 1.5 kufungidzira iko kunoshanda kweporous electrodes.

Iyo electrolyte inozadzwa mumapores emagetsi emagetsi, umo lithiamu ions inoitwa kuburikidza ne electrolyte, uye maitiro ekufambisa e lithium ions anonyatsoenderana neporosity. Iyo yakakura iyo porosity, iyo yakakwirira chikamu chevhoriyamu chechikamu che electrolyte, uye yakakura iyo inoshanda conductivity yelithium ions. Mupepa re electrode yakanaka, maerekitironi anofambiswa kuburikidza nekabhoni adhesive phase, vhoriyamu chikamu chekabhoni adhesive phase uye kutsauswa kwekabhoni adhesive phase inotarisisa zvakanangana nemabatiro anoita maerekitironi.

Iyo porosity uye vhoriyamu chikamu cheiyo carbon adhesive phase inopesana, uye yakakura porosity inotungamira kune vhoriyamu chikamu cheiyo carbon adhesive phase, saka, inobudirira conduction zvimiro zve lithium ion uye ma electrons zvinopokana, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo 2. Sezvo porosity ichidzikira, iyo lithium ion inoshanda conductivity inodzikira nepo elekitironi inoshanda conductivity ichiwedzera. Maitiro ekudzikamisa iwo maviri akakosha zvakare mune electrode dhizaini.

Mufananidzo 2 Schematic diagram ye porosity uye lithium ion uye electron conductivity

2. Rudzi uye kuona kukanganisa kwepole

 

Parizvino, mukugadzirisa bhatiri danda rekugadzirira, akawanda uye akawanda ekuona tekinoroji anotorwa, kuitira kuti anyatso kuona kukanganisa kwekugadzira kwezvigadzirwa, kubvisa zvigadzirwa zvisina kukwana, uye nenguva yekupindura kumutsara wekugadzira, otomatiki kana manyorero ekugadzirisa kugadzirwa. process, kuderedza chiyero chakakanganisika.

Iwo e-on-line ekuona matekinoroji anowanzo shandiswa mukugadzira pepa pepa anosanganisira slurry hunhu hwekuona, danda rekuona mhando, kuona chiyero uye zvichingodaro, Semuyenzaniso: (1) iyo online viscosity mita inoiswa zvakananga mubhangi rekuchengetera tangi kuti ione iyo rheological. maitiro e slurry munguva chaiyo, Edza kugadzikana kwe slurry; (2) Kushandisa X-ray kana β -ray mukuputira, Yayo yakakwirira kuyerwa kurongeka, Asi mwaranzi yakakura, mutengo wepamusoro wemidziyo uye dambudziko rekugadzirisa; (3) Laser online ukobvu kuyerwa tekinoroji inoiswa kuyera ukobvu hwepa pepa, Kuyera kwechiyero kunogona kusvika ± 1. 0 μ m, Inogona zvakare kuratidza shanduko yekuyerwa ukobvu uye ukobvu munguva chaiyo, fambisa data traceability. uye kuongorora; (4) CCD vision technology, kureva kuti, mutsara weCCD unoshandiswa kuongorora chinhu chakayerwa, Real-time image processing uye kuongororwa kwezvikamu zvakakanganisika, Ziva kusakuvadza kwekutsvaga kwepaIndaneti kwepoli sheet surface defects.

Sechishandiso chekutonga kwemhando, tekinoroji yekuyedza pamhepo yakakoshawo kuti unzwisise kuwirirana pakati pekukanganisa uye kuita kwebhatiri, kuitira kuti uone maitiro anokodzera / asina kukodzera ezvigadzirwa zvehafu-yapera.

Muchikamu chekupedzisira, nzira itsva yehutano hwekuona hurema hwepamusoro hwe lithium-ion bhatiri, infrared thermal imaging technology uye hukama pakati pezvikanganiso izvi zvakasiyana-siyana uye kushanda kwe electrochemical zvinotangwa kwenguva pfupi.bvunza D. Mohanty Chidzidzo chakakwana naMohanty et al.

(1) Kukanganisika kwakajairika padanda repepa

Mufananidzo 3 unoratidza kukanganisa kwakajairika pamusoro peiyo lithium ion bhatiri electrode, ine optical mufananidzo kuruboshwe uye mufananidzo wakatorwa neanopisa mufananidzo kurudyi.

Mufananidzo 3 Zvikanganiso zvinowanzoitika pamusoro pepepa redanda: (a, b) envelopu inoputika / aggregate; (c, d) donhedza zvinhu / pinho; (e, f) simbi yekunze muviri; (g, h) kupfeka kusina kuenzana

 

(A, b) yakasimudzwa bulge / aggregate, kuremara kwakadaro kunogona kuitika kana slurry ikamutswa zvakaenzana kana kumhanya kwekuvhara kusina kugadzikana. Iko gregation yekunamatira uye kabhoni dema conductive agents inotungamira kune yakaderera yemukati yezvinhu zvinoshanda uye huremu huremu hwemapiritsi epolar.

 

(c, d) kudonhedza / pinhole, idzi nzvimbo dzakaremara hadzina kuputirwa uye dzinowanzo gadzirwa nemabhuru mune slurry. Vanoderedza huwandu hwezvinhu zvinoshanda uye vanoisa pachena muunganidzi kune electrolyte, nokudaro kuderedza simba re electrochemical.

 

(E, f) simbi yekunze miviri, slurry kana simbi miviri yekunze yakaunzwa mumidziyo uye zvakatipoteredza, uye miviri yekunze yesimbi inogona kukonzera kukuvadza kukuru kune lithium mabhatiri. Zvikamu zvakakura zvesimbi zvinokanganisa zvakananga diaphragm, zvichiita kuti pave nepfupi pfupi pakati pezvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka electrodes, iyo ipfupi yemuviri. Mukuwedzera, kana simbi yekunze yakasanganiswa mu electrode yakanaka, iyo yakanaka inogona kuwedzera mushure mekuchaja, simbi inogadzirisa, inopararira kuburikidza ne electrolyte, uye yobva yanaya panzvimbo isina kunaka, uye pakupedzisira kubaya diaphragm, ichiita pfupi pfupi, inova kemikari dissolution short circuit. Mitumbi yekunze yesimbi yakajairika mubhatiri fekitori saiti ndeye Fe, Cu, Zn, Al, Sn, SUS, nezvimwe.

 

(g, h) kupfeka kusina kuenzana, senge slurry kusanganiswa hakuna kukwana, iyo particle fineness iri nyore kuoneka mitsetse kana chidimbu chacho chakura, zvichiita kuti pave nekupfeka kusina kuenzana, izvo zvinokanganisa kuwirirana kwebhatiri simba, uye kunyange kuoneka zvachose. hapana coating stripe, ine chekuita pakukwanisa uye kuchengeteka.

(2) Pole chip surface defect yekuona tekinoroji Infrared (IR) thermal imaging tekinoroji inoshandiswa kuona zvikanganiso zvidiki pama electrode akaoma anogona kukuvadza kushanda kwe lithium-ion mabhatiri. Munguva yekuonekwa kwepamhepo, kana chirema che electrode kana kusvibisa chikaonekwa, nyora papepa remapoleti, bvisa icho muchiitiko chinotevera, uye pindura kumutsara wekugadzira, uye gadzirisa maitiro panguva yekubvisa kukanganisa. Infrared ray imhando yemagetsi emagetsi ane hunhu hwakafanana nemasaisai eredhiyo uye mwenje unooneka. Chinhu chakakosha chemagetsi chinoshandiswa kushandura kugoverwa kwekushisa kwepamusoro pechinhu kuita mufananidzo unooneka weziso remunhu, uye kuratidza kugoverwa kwekushisa kwepamusoro pechinhu chine mavara akasiyana kunonzi infrared thermal imaging technology. Chigadzirwa chemagetsi ichi chinonzi infrared thermal imager. Zvese zvinhu zviri pamusoro pe zero yakazara (-273 ℃) zvinoburitsa infrared mwaranzi.
Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 4, iyo infrared thermal approximator (IR Kamera) inoshandisa iyo infrared detector uye optical imaging chinangwa kubvuma infrared radiation simba rekuparadzira maitiro echinhu chakayerwa chakayerwa uye kuchiratidzira pane photosensitive chinhu cheiyo infrared detector kuwana infrared thermal image, iyo inoenderana nenzvimbo yekuparadzira kupisa pamusoro pechinhu. Kana pane chirema pamusoro pechinhu, tembiricha inoshanduka munzvimbo. Naizvozvo, tekinoroji iyi inogonawo kushandiswa kuona kukanganisa kuri pamusoro pechinhu, kunyanya yakakodzera kune zvimwe zvirema zvisingagoni kusiyaniswa nekuona nzira dzekuona. Kana iyo yekuomesa electrode yelithium ion bhatiri yakaonekwa online, iyo electrode electrode inotanga kuvhenekerwa nemwenje, tembiricha yepasi inoshanduka, uyezve tembiricha yepasi inowanikwa neinopisa mufananidzo. Mufananidzo wekugovera kupisa unoonekwa, uye chifananidzo chinogadziriswa nekuongororwa munguva chaiyo kuti chione kukanganisa kwepamusoro uye kumaka nenguva.D. Mohanty Chidzidzo chacho chakaisa mufananidzo wekupisa panzvimbo yekubuda kweiyo coater yekuomesa oveni kuti ione tembiricha yekugovera mufananidzo we electrode sheet sheet.

Mufananidzo 5 (a) imepu yekugovera tembiricha yenzvimbo yekuputira yeNMC yakanaka danda shizha rinoonekwa neanopisa mufananidzo, iro rine chirema chidiki kwazvo chisingagoni kusiyaniswa neziso rakashama. Iyo tembiricha yekugovera curve inoenderana nechikamu chenzira inoratidzwa mukati memukati, ine tembiricha spike panzvimbo yakakanganisika. Mumufananidzo 5 (b), tembiricha inowedzera munharaunda mubhokisi rinoenderana, rinoenderana nekuremara kwepole sheet. FIG. 6 idhizaini yekugovera tembiricha yepasi peiyo negative electrode sheet inoratidza kuvepo kwehurema, uko kukwira kwetembiricha kunoenderana nebubble kana kuunganidzwa, uye nzvimbo yekudzikira kwekushisa inoenderana nepinhole kana kudonha.

Mufananidzo 5 Kugovera kwekushisa kweiyo yakanaka electrode sheet sheet

Mufananidzo 6 Kugovera kwekushisa kwepamusoro pe electrode yakaipa

 

Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti iyo inopisa imaging yekuona kwekugoverwa kwekushisa inzira yakanaka yepoli sheet surface defect monitoring, iyo inogona kushandiswa kuhutano hwehutano hwekugadzira pepa rekugadzira.3. Mhedzisiro yepole sheet pamusoro pekukanganisa pakuita kwebhatiri

 

(1) Mhedzisiro pabhatiri rekuwedzera huwandu uye kugona kweCoulomb

Mufananidzo 7 inoratidza pesvedzero curve yeaggregate uye pinhole pabhatiri rekuwedzera huwandu uye kugona kwecoulen. Iyo yakaunganidzwa inogona kunyatso kuvandudza huwandu hwebhatiri, asi kuderedza kushanda kwecoulen. Iyo pinhole inoderedza huwandu hwebhatiri uye Kulun kushanda zvakanaka, uye Kulun kunyatsoshanda kunoderera zvakanyanya pachiyero chepamusoro.

Mufananidzo 7 cathode aggregate uye pinhole mhedzisiro pahuwandu hwebhatiri uye kugona kwechimiro 8 haina kuenzana coating, uye simbi yekune imwe nyika muviri Co uye Al pane bhatiri huwandu uye mhedzisiro yeinoshanda curve, kusaenzana kupfekedza kunoderedza bhatiri unit huwandu huwandu 10% - 20%, asi huwandu hwebhatiri hwese hwakadzikira ne60%, izvi zvinoratidza kuti hupenyu huri muchikamu chepolar hwakaderedzwa zvakanyanya. Metal Co yekune imwe nyika muviri yakaderedzwa uye kugona kweCoulomb, kunyangwe mu2C uye 5C kukwidziridzwa kwepamusoro, pasina huwandu zvachose, izvo zvingave zvichikonzerwa nekuumbwa kwesimbi Co mukuita kwe electrochemical ye lithium uye lithium yakamisikidzwa, kana inogona kunge iri simbi zvidimbu. yakavharira diaphragm pore yakakonzera micro short circuit.

Mufananidzo 8 Mhedzisiro yeyakanaka electrode isina kuenzana coating uye simbi mitumbi yekunze Co uye Al pane bhatiri rekuwedzera huwandu uye kugona kwecoulen

Pfupiso yezvakaremara cathode sheet: Iyo inodya mucathode sheet coating inoderedza kushanda kweCoulomb kwebhatiri. Iyo pinho yeiyo yakanaka coating inoderedza kushanda kweCoulomb, zvichikonzera kusashanda kwekuwandisa, kunyanya pakuwanda kwazvino. Iyo heterogeneous coating yakaratidza kuderera kwekukudza kuita. Metal particle inosvibisa inogona kukonzera madiki-mapfupi maseketi, uye nekudaro anogona kudzikisa zvakanyanya bhatiri huwandu.
Mufananidzo 9 unoratidza kukanganisa kweiyo yakashata leakage foil strip pane yekuwedzera huwandu uye Kulun kushanda zvakanaka kwebhatiri. Kana iyo inodonha ichiitika pane yakaipa electrode, huwandu hwebhatiri hwakaderedzwa zvakanyanya, asi huwandu hwegiramu hahusi pachena, uye kukanganisa kweKulun kunoshanda hakuna kukosha.

 

Mufananidzo 9 Kupesvedzera kwe negative electrode leakage foil strip pa battery multiplier capacity uye Kulun kunyatsoshanda (2) Kupesvedzera pakuita bhatiri rekuwandisa cycle Figure 10 mhedzisiro yekukanganiswa kweelectrode surface defect pabhatiri rekuwedzera bhatiri. Mhedzisiro mibairo inopfupikiswa sezvizvi:
Egregation: pa2C, chiyero chekuchengetedza simba chemazana mazana maviri i200% uye bhatiri rakaremara i70%, nepo mu12C cycle, simba rekuchengetedza chiyero chemazana mazana maviri ndeye 5% uye bhatiri rakaremara i200%.
Needlehole: iyo yekudzora simba iri pachena, asi hapana aggregate defect attenuation inokurumidza, uye huwandu hwekuchengetedza huwandu hwe200 cycles 2 C uye 5C ndeye 47% uye 40% zvichiteerana.
Metal yekunze muviri: huwandu hwesimbi Co yekune imwe nyika muviri ingangoita 0 mushure mematanho akati wandei, uye iyo 5C kutenderera kugona kwesimbi yekunze muviri Al foil inoderera zvakanyanya.
Leak strip: Panzvimbo imwechete yekuvuza, huwandu hwebhatiri remitsetse midiki yakawanda inodzikira nekukurumidza kupfuura mutsetse muhombe (47% ye200 macycles mu5C) (7% ye200 cycles mu5C). Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kukura kwehuwandu hwemitsetse, kunowedzera kukanganisa kwebhatiri kutenderera.

Mufananidzo 10 Mhedzisiro ye electrode sheet surface defects pane cell rate cycle

 

Ref.: [1] Kuongororwa kusina kukanganisa kwe-slot-die-coated lithium secondary batteryelectrodes ne-in-line laser caliper uye IR thermography nzira [J].ANALYTICALMETHODS.2014, 6 (3): 674-683 [2]Effect. yemagetsi ekugadzirwa kwemagetsi pamagetsi ekugadzirisa mabheteri elithium-ion: Kuziva kwebhatiri kukundikana zvinyorwa [J] .Journal of Power Sources.2016, 312: 70-79.