Masayendisiti eAmerica akagadzira mhando nyowani yebhatiri yemunyu yakanyungudutswa, inotarisirwa kuwana giredhi-level simba rekuchengetedza pane yakaderera tembiricha uye yakaderera mutengo.

Nekuenderera mberi kwekukwira kwesimba rinodzokororwa sosi semhepo uye simba rezuva, zvigadziriso zvekugadzira zvinodiwa kuchengetedza simba rinopindirana kubva kune zvakasikwa. Iyo inogona kugadzirisa ndeye yakanyungudutswa munyu bhatiri, iyo inopa zvakanakira izvo lithium mabhatiri asina, asi mamwe matambudziko anoda kugadziriswa.

Vesainzi veSandia National Laboratories (Sandia National Laboratories) vari pasi peUS National Nuclear Safety Administration vakaronga dhizaini itsva inogona kugadzirisa zvikanganiso izvi uye vakaratidza bhatiri idzva rakanyungudutswa remunyu rinoenderana neshanduro iripo. Mukuenzanisa, rudzi urwu rwesimba rekuchengetedza bhatiri rinogona kuvakwa zvakachipa asi richichengeta rakawanda simba.

Kuchengeta simba rakawanda zvakachipa uye zvine hungwaru ndiyo kiyi yekushandisa simba rinogoneka kugonesa guta rose. Kunyangwe iine akawanda mabhenefiti, izvi ndizvo zvinoshaya inodhura lithium bhatiri tekinoroji. Mabhatiri emunyu akanyungudutswa ndiwo mhinduro inodhura-inoshanda inoshandisa ma electrode anoramba akanyungudutswa nerubatsiro rwekupisa kwakanyanya.

"Isu tanga tichishanda nesimba kuti tideredze tembiricha yekushanda kwemabhatiri esodium yakanyungudutswa kusvika kune yakaderera tembiricha yemuviri," akadaro Leo Small, muongorori anotungamirira wepurojekiti. "Paunenge uchidzikisa tembiricha yebhatiri, inogona zvakare kuderedza mutengo wese. Unogona kushandisa zvinhu zvakachipa. Mabhatiri anoda kushomeka kwekudzivirira, uye waya dzinobatanidza mabhatiri ese dzinogona kutetepa."

Mukutengesa, rudzi urwu rwebhatiri runonzi sodium-sarufa bhatiri. Mamwe emabhatiri aya akagadzirwa pasi rose, asi anowanzo kushanda patembiricha ye520 kusvika 660°F (270 kusvika 350°C). Chinangwa chechikwata cheSandia chakaderera zvikuru, kunyangwe kuita izvi kuchida kufunga patsva nekuti makemikari anoshanda patembiricha yakakwira haana kukodzera kushanda kune tembiricha yakaderera.

Zvinonzwisiswa kuti dhizaini nyowani yesainzi ine yemvura sodium simbi uye mhando nyowani yemusanganiswa wemvura. Musanganiswa wemvura uyu unoumbwa nesodium iodide uye gallium chloride, inonzi nesainzi catholyte.

Kemikari inoitika apo bhatiri rinoburitsa simba, richigadzira maion esodium nemaerekitironi achipfuura nepakati pezvinhu zvinonyanya kusarudzwa zvekuparadzanisa uye kugadzira munyu wakanyungudutswa weiodide kune rimwe divi.

Iri bhatiri resodium-sarufa rinogona kushanda patembiricha ye110°C. Mushure memwedzi misere yekuongororwa murabhoritari, yakachajwa uye kuburitswa kanopfuura ka400, zvichiratidza kukosha kwayo. Mukuwedzera, simba rayo i3.6 volts, iyo masayendisiti anoti inopfuura 40% yakakwirira kudarika iyo yakanyungudutswa mabhatiri emunyu pamusika, saka ine simba rakakwirira.

Munyori wenzvero anonzi Martha Gross akati: “Nemhaka yecatholyte itsva yatakashuma mupepa rino, tinofara zvikuru pamusoro pokuti rakawanda sei simba rinogona kubaiwa mugadziriro ino. asi havasati vambovapo. Hapana akambotaura nezvavo. Saka, zvakanaka kukwanisa kuderedza kutonhora uye kudzosa mamwe data uye uchiti, 'Iyi ichokwadi inoshanda.'

Masayendisiti iye zvino ari kuisa pfungwa dzavo pakuderedza mutengo wemabhatiri, anogona kuwanikwa nokutsiva gallium chloride, inodhura zvakapetwa ka100 kupfuura munyu wepatafura. Vakataura kuti tekinoroji iyi ichiri makore mashanu kusvika gumi kubva pakushambadzira, asi chinovabatsira kuchengetedzeka kwebhatiri nekuti haikonzere njodzi yemoto.

"Uku ndiko kuratidzwa kwekutanga kwekutenderera kwenguva refu kwebhatiri yakanyungudutswa yesodium," akadaro munyori wekutsvagisa Erik Spoerke. "Mashiripiti edu ndeokuti takasarudza kemikari yemunyu uye electrochemistry, iyo inotibvumira kushanda pa 230 ° F zvinobudirira. Shanda. Iyi yakadzika-yekushisa ye-sodium iodide yakagadziridzwa inogadzirisa mabhatiri e-sodium yakanyungudutswa."